This technology landscape paper is focused on the intellectual property rights over methods and materials used for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of plants. This method is one of the most widely used means of making transformed plants. Although much of the basic research that led to Agrobacterium-mediated transformation was done in public institutions, the private sector now holds many of the key patent positions. Patent rights were obtained by the private sector either from internal research and development, or from public institutions in the form of licenses, often exclusive licenses, by acquisition of spin-off companies formed to commercialise public research, or occasionally by assignment. Thus, the science and the patent positions are of high interest to both public and commercial sectors.
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