| | | *US20060130174A1* |
| | | US20060130174A1
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| (19) | United States | |
| (12) | Patent Application Publication | (10) | Pub. No.: | US 2006/0130174 A1 |
| | Kikuchi et al. | (43) | Pub. Date: | Jun. 15, 2006 |
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| (54) | Transposon and transposase genes of rice, transposase, transformant and method of use | |
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| (76) | Inventors: | Kazuhiro Kikuchi, Okazaki-shi (JP); | |
| | | Hiroyuki Hirano, Tokyo (JP); | |
| | | Masamitsu Wada, Tokyo (JP) | |
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| | Correspondence Address: | |
| | NATH & ASSOCIATES | |
| | 112 South West Street | |
| | Alexandria, VA 22314 (US) | |
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| (21) | Appl. No.: | 11/319,523 | |
| (22) | Filed: | Feb. 1, 2006 | |
| | Related U.S. Application Data | |
| (62) |
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Division of application No. 10/494,944, filed on Sep. 29, 2004
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| (30) | Foreign Application Priority Data | |
| | Nov. 8, 2001 | (JP) | 2001-343002 |
| | Jan. 18, 2002 | (JP) | 2002-9729 |
| | Jun. 7, 2002 | (JP) | 2002-167345 |
| | Aug. 12, 2002 | (JP) | 2002-234412 |
| | Publication Classification | |
| (51) | Int. Cl.8 | | A01H 005/00; C12N 015/82; C12N 015/87 |
| (52) | U.S. Cl. | | 800/278;
800/320.2;
435/468;
504/116.1 |
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A transposon gene of rice has homology to SEQ. ID NO:3, and a transposase gene of rice has homology to bases 2959-4407 of SEQ. ID NO:3 or encodes SEQ. ID NO:5 or a variant thereof, and plasmids and transformants thereof. A transposase has SEQ. ID NO.:5 or a variant thereof. A method of transposing the transposon gene, of rice (Oryza sativa) having homology to SEQ. ID NO:1, comprises transducing a transposon gene of rice having homology to SEQ. ID NO:3, or transposase gene of rice having homology to SEQ. ID NO:4.
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| Claim(s), Drawing Sheet(s), and Figure(s)
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RELATED APPLICATIONS
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[0001] This application is a divisional of U.S. Ser. No. 10/494,944, filed on May 7, 2004, entitled “TRANSPOSON GENES OF RICE”, which claims priority of the filing dates of PCT JP02/11585, and of Japanese Patent Application Nos. 2001-343002, 2002-9729, 2002-167345.
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FIELD OF THE INVENTION
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[0002] The present invention relates to a nonautonomous transposon gene, autonomous transposon gene and transposase gene of rice (Oryza sativa); and a method to transpose the transposon gene; and transformed plants by the transposition.
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DESCRIPTION OF THE BACKGROUND
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[0003] Prior ArtGene disruption method has been used as a tool to analyze genome of rice (Oryza sativa). To disrupt genomes of rice, a method to activate a segregation factor by mating an individual, wherein a transposase gene (transposition enzyme) is tranduced as an activator, with an individual, wherein a segregation factor is introduced; a method to use T-DNA; and a method to use retrotransposon have been known. However, analysis of spontaneous mutants of rice has not served to find active transposons (Supplementary volume of Cell Engineering, Plant cell engineering series 14, “Plant genome research protocols” 2000, February, Shujun press Co.).
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[0004] On the other hand, entire genome sequencing project is determining the nucleotide sequences of many plants as well as rice and the results are databanked one after another. Furthermore, transposon genes, mobile genes in animal and plant, have, to some extent, a unique nucleotide sequence, whose information has been enable a research on the wider applications possibility of transposons. However, enough elucidation has not been demonstrated. Additionally, a nucleotide sequence, assigned to putative transposon gene, has been found in a mutated rice, induced by γ-irradiation (Tetsuya Nakazaki et al., “Polymorphic insertion of transposon-like sequence in mutable slender-granule gene slg locus” Japanese Society of Breeding 100th Conference, Autumn meeting, 2001, October).
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PROBLEMS TO BE SOLVED BY THE INVENTION
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[0005] The inventors discovered an inverted repeated sequence characteristic to transposon genes in rice genome nucleotide sequence under investigation. Examining various tests on the possible transposon nucleotide sequence, the inventors confirmed that the nucleotide sequence is ascribed to a transposon gene (nonautonomous transposon).
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[0006] Furthermore, the inventors discovered autonomous transposon genes on the basis of the nonautonomous transposon gene. Moreover, the inventors identified transposase genes, which enable to transpose the transposon gene.
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MEANS OF SOLVING THE PROBLEMS
[0007] The inventors, starting from chromosome No. 1, examined long terminal repeats (LTR) in rice genome sequence, which is registered seriatim in database. The inventors noticed a LTR on the clone, accession number AP002843, as shown in Table 1, investigated the sequence in detail and discovered the inverted repeat sequence characteristic to a transposon gene at the site of 144459 th-144473 rd and 144874 th-144888 th bases at adjacent downstream of LTR ( FIG. 1, Sequence Number 6). As disclosing in the example shown later, the inventors confirmed that the nucleotide sequence (Sequence Number 1) located between the inverted repeats is a nonautonomous transposon gene, markedly transposable by such artificial treatment as anther culture.
[1] [TABLE-US-00001]
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TABLE 1 |
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| AP002843 Oryza sativa genomic DNA, chromosome 1, PA |
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ACCESSION |
AP002843 |
NCBI SRS Genome-Net |
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ORGANISM | Oryza sativa |
NCBI SRS |
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LOCUS |
AP002843 |
148762 bp |
DNA |
PLN |
26-JAN-2001 |
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FEATURES |
Location/Qualifiers |
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/chromosome=“1” |
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/clone=“P0407B12” |
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/cultivar=“Nipponbare” |
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| /organism=“Oryza sativa” |
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/sequenced_mol=“DNA” |
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/gene=“P0407B12.28” |
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/note=“probably inactive due to frameshifts in CDS” |
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| /note=“pseudogene, similar to Oryza longistaminata |
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probable gag/pol polyprotein U72725” |
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/pseudo |
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CDS |
join(144653..144692,145148..145311) |
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/codon_start=1 |
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/gene=“P0407B12.29” |
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/note=“hypothetical protein” |
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/protein_id=“BAB17191.1” |
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/translation=“MRRSHGGGGRKRSVPSSSHPEKKAIDRIKREDAGRRAGRVSLVQ |
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PLAAFPATDGGGGGGLARLLRWW” |
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[0008] Then, the inventors tried homological searches using the nonautonomous transposon gene (Sequence Number 1) as Query (DNA for homological search) by Blast search. Most of the results of the search was the nonautonomous transposon gene (Sequence Number 1) itself, but additionally, accession numbers AP004236 and AP003968, which were expected as transposon genes, were found. Comparing the nucleotide sequence of AP004236 and AP003968, the inventors found that these are cloned on chromosome No. 6 and are the sequence of the identical overlapped region.
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[0009] Therefore, the homology between 1st-253rd bases of the nonautonomous transposon gene (Sequence Number 1) and 89360th-89612nd bases of AP004236 was 252/253 (99%) and that between 254th-430th bases of the nonautonomous transposon gene (Sequence Number 1) and 94524th-94700th bases of AP004236 was 177/177 (100%). They are well-conserved sequences.
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[0010] Both nonautonomous transposon gene (Sequence Number 1, 430 bp) and the transposon (Sequence Number 2, 5341 bp) have inverted repeats of 15 bp and TTA and TAA are recognized and inserted.
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[0011] Open Reading Frame (ORF) was searched on the basis of Sequence Number 2 (5341 bp) and two kinds of putative ORFI and ORFII were obtained.
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[0012] The structure of the transposon gene comprising nucleotide sequence of Sequence Number 2 is shown in the upper diagram of FIG. 9. The nonautonomous transposon gene (Sequence Number 1, 430 bp) is located at 1st-253rd and at 5165th-5341st bases, ORFI is located at 1526th-1914th bases and at 1939th-2663rd bases and ORFII is located at 3190th-4557th bases.
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[0013] Furthermore, to obtain similar genes to the gene comprising nucleotide sequence of Sequence Number 2, the inventors performed homological searches using nucleotide sequence of Sequence Number 2 as Query (DNA for homological search) of Blast search and found accession numbers AP004753 (chromosome No. 2) and AP003714 (chromosome No. 6) as well as the sequence of Sequence Number 2 itself. These two clones have the identical nucleotide sequence (Sequence Number 3) and located on different chromosomes (several copies). Since the nucleotide sequence is present also in indica (a cultivar of rice), the gene must be conserved in many cultivars, from japonica to indica. The nucleotide sequence of Sequence Number 3 (5166 bp) has inverted repeats, as the sequence of Sequence Number 2 has, and TAA (3 bp) was also recognized and inserted.
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[0014] Open Reading Frame (ORF) was searched on the basis of the sequence of Sequence Number 3 and ORFI and ORFII were obtained. which may code two kinds of proteins. The structure of transposon gene comprising nucleotide sequence of Sequence Number 3 is shown in the lower diagram of FIG. 9. The nonautonomous transposon gene (Sequence Number 1, 430 bp) is located at 1st-170th and at 5092nd-5166th bases, however, the homological nucleotide sequence to the nonautonomous transposon gene (Sequence Number 1, 430 bp) is disappeared in the middle. ORFI is located at 1630th-2652nd bases and ORFII is located at 2959th-4407th bases.
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[0015] The nucleotide sequence of Sequence Number 3 was compared between japonica (AP004753 and AP003714) and indica (Scaffold6962) and the homology of more than 90% was confirmed as shown in FIG. 10. Additionally, the inventors examined the mutation frequency of nonautonomous transposon gene (Sequence Number 1, 430 bp) in indica, and confirmed that the sequence homology was more than 95% as shown in FIG. 11.
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[0016] The inventors have no idea on the function of ORFI in Sequence Numbers 2 and 3, for the moment.
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[0017] To examine whether ORFII encodes transposase (transposition enzyme) or not, the inventors checked whether the amino acid sequence of ORFII shares a conservative region with that of known transposase gene. The amino acid sequences of ORFII in Sequence Number 2 and in Sequence Number 3 are shown as Sequence Numbers 4 and 5, respectively. The alignment of amino acid sequences of these two ORFII (Sequence Numbers 4 and 5) is shown in FIG. 12 and the homology of these sequences was more than 75% (77%). These two amino acid sequences have DXG/AF/F motif and YREK motif (Q. H. Le, K. Turcotte and T. Bureau, Genetics 158: 1081-1088 (2001)), then it is concluded that thee belong to IS transposase family.
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[0018] Also, the homology of the nucleotide sequences of ORFII in Sequence Number 2 and that in Sequence Number 3 was more than 75% (79.3%).
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[0019] Therefore, the present invention is a transposon gene of rice consisting of a nucleotide sequence which is at least 95% homological to Sequence Number 1. The DNA being at least 95% homological to Sequence Number 1 is considered to be functional as nonautonomous transposon, which is transposable by anther culture or by the treatment with chemical agents. Also, the present invention is the transposon gene of rice, wherein enhancers or promoters are inserted.
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[0020] Furthermore, the present invention is the transposon gene of rice, whose nucleotide sequence is at least 90% homological to the nucleotide sequence of Sequence Number 2 or 3. The DNA being at least 90% homological to the nucleotide sequence of Sequence Number 2 or 3 is considered to be functional as an autonomous transposon gene, which is transposable by anther culture or by the treatment with chemical agents.
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[0021] Also, the present invention is the transposase gene of rice, whose DNA being at least 75% homological to the nucleotide sequence of 3190th-4557th bases of Sequence Number 2 or the nucleotide sequence of 2959th-4407th bases of Sequence Number 3. The DNA being at least 75% homological to these, nucleotide sequences is considered to be functional as the gene, which enables transpose the transposons.
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[0022] Also, the present invention is the transposase gene encoding a protein consisting of an amino acid sequence of Sequence Number 4 or 5 or an amino acid sequence wherein one or several amino acids are deleted, substituted or added in said amino acid sequence. Also, the transposase could be a transposon gene of rice, whose amino acids sequence is at least 75% homological to Sequence Number 4 or 5.
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[0023] Moreover, the present invention is the transposase gene encoding this protein. Also, the present invention is the plasmid containing any one of said transposon genes. Still furthermore, the present invention is the plasmid containing promoters and anyone of said transposase genes. Such binary vector as Ti plasmid and pBI-121 plasmid can be used for the purpose. 35S promoter of cauliflower mosaic virus, heat shock promoter, chemotaxis promoter and others can be used for the purpose of this invention. There are no restrictions on the method of incorporation of promoters and said genomes and general method of genetic engineering can be applied.
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[0024] Also, the present invention is the transfomants, wherein any of said transposon genes are transduced. Preferably, plants, especially, rice, barley, wheat or maize are used as the host. To transform these plants, using general method of genetic engineering, we can insert these genomes into said plasmid and transform the plants.
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[0025] Still moreover, the present invention is the transfomants, wherein promoters and said transposase genes are transduced. Other transposon genes can be transduced, if necessary. Said promoters can be used for the present purpose. Preferably, plants, especially, barely, wheat or maize are used as the host. To transform these plants, using general method of genetic engineering, we can insert said genomes into said plasmid and transform the plants.
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[0026] Also, the present invention is the method for transposing any of said transposon genes, comprising subjecting said transformants to anther culture or treating any of the transformants with a chemical agent.
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[0027] Furthermore, the present invention is the plant or the seed, which is transformed by the transposition of said transposon genes by any one of said methods. Preferably, rice or barley, a vicinal species of rice, wheat or maize is used as the plant.
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[0028] Also, the present invention is a method for determining the integrated region of transposon gene, which comprises the steps of transposing any one of said transposon gene by any one of the above methods, extracting DNA from the plant obtained by the previous step, digesting said DNA by a restriction enzyme with no cutting sites inside the transposon gene, ligating said DNA fragments obtained by the previous step, conducting PCR for said DNA fragments obtained by the previous step, and determining the nucleotide sequence of said PCR products obtained by the previous step. The primers of said PCR involve the oligonucleotides, which comprises 10 consecutive bases, preferably 1020 consecutive bases, more preferably 1015 consecutive bases in the nucleotide sequence from the 5′-end of Sequence Number 1; and the oligonucleotide, which comprises 10 consecutive bases, preferably 1020 consecutive bases, more preferably 1015 consecutive bases in the nucleotide sequence from the 3′-end of Sequence Number 1, or the oligonucleotides, comprising the nucleotide sequences complementary to said sequences. Since the origonucleotide comprising 1015 consecutive bases from the 5′-end of the nucleotide sequence overlaps with that comprising 1015 consecutive bases in the nucleotide sequence from the 3′-end of that of Sequence Number 1, we can use single kind of primer, if the oligonucleotide bases comprises less than 15 consecutive bases. In other words, in this case, we can use the oligonucleotide comprising 1015 consecutive bases in the nucleotide sequence from the 5′-end of Sequence Number 1 or the oligonucleotides complementary to said nucleotide sequences as the PCR primer. In this way, identification of the integration site of the transposon enables to find the disrupted genomes.
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BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Reference to Drawing
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[0029] FIG. 1 shows a part (Sequence Number 6) of genomic nucleotide sequence of accession number AP002843. The inverted repeated sequences characteristic to the transposon gene are located at the positions of 144459 to 144473 and 144874 to 144888, immediately after LTR.
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[0030] FIG. 2 shows the result of agarose gel electrophoresis of PCR products of the DNA region (accession number AP002843) containing the transposon DNA from four cultivars of rice mature leaves (example 2). An approximately 850 bp band in Nihonbare shows that a transposon gene (430 bp) is inserted in the region. While, approximately 420 bp bands for Koshihikari, Hitomebore and Yamahoushi show that transposon genes are not inserted.
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[0031] FIG. 3 shows the result of agarose gel electrophoresis of PCR products of the DNA region (accession number AP002843) containing transposon DNA in calli derived from Nihonbare seeds (comparative example 1).
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[0032] FIG. 4 shows the result of agarose gel electrophoresis of PCR products of the DNA region (accession number AP002843) containing transposon DNA in various calli derived from Nihonbare anthers (example 3). The DNA bands of approximately 420 bp demonstrate that the transposon gene is deleted.
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[0033] FIG. 5 shows the result of agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA from various calli derived from Nihonbare anthers (example 4). Lane 1 shows control Nihonbare and Lanes 2˜10 show plant regenerated from anther derived-calli. DNA bands were detected using a probe comprising a part of the transposon nucleotide sequence. Lanes 2 and 6 show new bands (indicated by arrowheads), which were not found in control Nihonbare.
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[0034] FIG. 6 is a photograph of a phenotypic transformer found in regenerated rice in example 4. The leaves of the rice are curly and short.
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[0035] FIG. 7 shows the result of agarose gel electrophoresis of PCR products of the DNA region containing the transposon DNA from various calli derived from Nihonbare seeds (example 5). The numbers on the upper margin indicate concentrations of 5-azacytidine. The DNA bands of approximately 300 bp demonstrate that the transposon gene (430 bp) is deleted.
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[0036] FIG. 8 shows the base sequence of 4 clones, from which the transposon gene (430 bp) is deleted.
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[0037] FIG. 9 shows the structure of the transposon genes with nucleotide sequences of Sequence Numbers 2 and 3.
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[0038] FIG. 10 shows the homology of nucleotide sequence between japonica (AP004753 and AP003714) and indica (Scaffold6962) in the region of Sequence Number 3.
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[0039] FIG. 11 shows the mutation frequency of transposon gene (Sequence Number 1, 430 bp) in indica.
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[0040] FIG. 12 shows the alignment of amino acid sequence of ORF II in Sequence Number 2 and in Sequence Number 3. The homology of their sequence is more than 75% (77.8%; in the figure, the homological amino acids are shown by *) and both sequences have DXG/AF/F motif and YREK motif. The upper line shows the amino acid sequence of Sequence Number 4 (correspond to ORF II of Sequence Number 2), and the lower line shows that of Sequence Number 5 (correspond to ORF II of Sequence Number 3).
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[0041] FIG. 13-left shows the result of agarose gel electrophoresis of PCR products of the DNA region (accession number AP004236) containing transposon DNA in various calli derived from anthers of Nihonbare (example 6). The DNA bands of 1.2 kbp indicate deletion of the transposon gene. FIG. 13-right shows the result of agarose gel electrophoresis of the DNA region (accession number AP004236) containing the transposon DNA in various calli derived from seeds of Nihonbare (comparative example 2).
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[0042] FIG. 14 is the result of gel electrophoresis of DNA, which shows presence or absence of the autonomous transposon gene (Sequence Number 2; shown on the upper margin of the photograph) in various rice cultivars (example 7). A DNA band (shown by an arrow) indicating the presence of the autonomous transposon gene (Sequence Number 2) was found in Nihonbare (lane 1) and in Koshihikari (lane 2), while, the DNA band was absent in Taichung No. 65 (lane 3) and in Kasarasu (lane 4).
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[0043] FIG. 15 is the result of gel electrophoresis of DNA from calli derived from anthers of Taichung No. 65, wherein the autonomous transposon gene from Nihonbare (Sequence Number 2) was transduced (example 8). The DNA bands (shown by an arrow) indicating that the autonomous transposon gene (Sequence Number 2) was absent in original Taichung No. 65 (lane 2), but present in calli derived from anthers of Taichung No. 65 (lanes 3 to 6), wherein the autonomous transposon gene (Sequence Number 2) was transduced.
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[0044] FIG. 16 is the result of gel electrophoresis of PCR products of the DNA region containing the nonautonomous transposon gene of calli derived from anthers of Taichung No. 65, wherein the autonomous transposon gene from Nihonbare (Sequence Number 2, example 8) was transduced. On L06 gene locus, such size of DNA band (shown by an arrow) that is suggestive of deletion of the nonautonomous transposon gene, was observed.
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[0045] FIG. 17 shows the nucleotide sequence of such size of DNA fragment that is suggestive of deletion of the nonautonomous transposon gene located in L02 gene locus. The nucleotide sequence of the nonautonomous transposon gene (Sequence Number 1) is deleted.
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[0046] FIG. 18 shows the nucleotide sequence of such size of DNA fragment that is suggestive of deletion of the nonautonomous transposon gene located in L06 gene locus; The nucleotide sequence of the nonautonomous transposon gene (Sequence Number 1) is deleted.
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FEATURE OF EMBODIMENT
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[0047] First of all, this invention is the nonautonomous transposon gene (Sequence Number 1) of rice with the DNA size of 430 bp. This transposon gene has terminal inverted repeats with the size of 15 bp and has a symmetric structure with 215 bp (CT).
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[0048] Then, two kinds of transposon genes (Sequence Numbers 2 and 3) encode transposases (Sequence Numbers 4 and 5) and are autonomous transposon genes.
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[0049] An autonomous transposon gene is characteristic in encoding transposases, is mobile and induces transposition of a nonautonomous transposon gene. Whereas, a nonautonomous transposon gene is lacking a transposase, is not mobile and needs a help of autonomous transposon gene to transpose. The comparison structurally of autonomous transposon gene with nonautonomous gene, demonstrated the characteristics that the nucleotide sequences of both genes are homological and are well conserved except the DNA region deleted.
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[0050] The plants carrying the transposon of this invention; or the plants transformed by the transposon of this invention; or the plants carrying the transposase gene of this invention; or the plants transformed by the transposase gene of this invention enable to transpose the transposons of this invention by activation, induced by irradiation; induced by treatment with chemical agents; or induced by anther culture. Since transposons can be greatly activated by these methods, transposition of an artificial transposon takes place easily.
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[0051] Treatment with chemical agents is carried out by treating seeds, leaves, roots, and stems of axillary buds of a plant such as rice; or by treating calli derived from them, with chemical agents. For example, the treatment of these plants with 5-azacytidine or 5-azadeoxycytidine is generally carried out by transplanting them on solid or liquid medium containing 0.01˜5 mM, preferably 0.052 mM of these chemical agents. As used therein, call us means a cellular mass, formed by dedifferentiation of differentiated plant organs, obtained by culturing plant organs such as roots, leaves or stems in an appropriate medium supplemented with appropriate concentrations of auxin or cytokinin. This cellular mass is not differentiated and has totipotency indifferentiation. Totipotency of differentiation means that the cellular mass can regenerate new organs such as buds or roots. For example, a single leaf can produce hundreds of clones, mediated by callus.
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[0052] Anther culture is a kind of method to produce doubled haploid breeding. Anthers are taken out from the tip of stamens of rice and are cultured in a medium supplemented mainly with such hormone as auxin together with such polyploidy-iducing chemicals as colchicine and others. Since haploid cells can easily turn to diploid, it is easy to obtain diploid cells from anthers, i.e. haploid cells with a set of genes. Anther-derived callus of rice spontaneously doubles the number of chromosome, resulting in doubled haploid breeds, during prolonged culture period. A homozygote seed, a mutant plant, can be obtained by regeneration culture of the callus. We mainly, for regeneration culture, used the medium supplemented with such hormone as cytokinin.
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[0053] The disrupted transposon gene, due to the insertion of transposed transposon gene, could be identified using the probe prepared by PCR using a primer set derived from appropriate two different nucleotide sequences in the transposon gene. An examination of correlation between transoformed rice mutant and its gene enables to clarify the function of the gene.
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[0054] It is a challenging object to identify easily a disrupted gene by a transposon tagging system. A lot of methods are known to determine the exact integration site of a transposon such as transposon display. However, they usually accompany complicated handlings. We inventors established a simple method using inverse PCR. In this method, an important key step is the design of PCR primers in the interior of the transposon gene. DNA is isolated from plants, digested by a restriction enzyme (we used AluI in this example), which has no cutting sites in the internal region of the transposon gene, and ligated intramolecularly to circularize the DNA by a ligase. On the basis of the obtained circular DNA as a template, we performed a PCR reaction using a primer set, which originally pointed away each other but which, after ligation, will prime towards one another around the circular DNA. The designed primer set, which consists of the oligonucleotide comprising at least 10 consecutive bases from the 5′-end of the nucleotide sequence of Sequence Number 1, and the oligonucleotide comprising at least 10 consecutive bases from the 3′-end of the nucleotide sequence of Sequence Number 1, preferably in the internal region of terminal inverted repeats (15 consecutive bases from both the 5′- and 3′-end of Sequence Number 1); or oligonucleotides comprising the nucleotide sequence complementary to them, can be used for the inverse PCR. DNA sequencing of the obtained PCR products clarifies the integration site of the transposon gene. As an example of application of the nonautonomous transposon (Sequence Number 1), integration of enhancers or promoters into the internal region of the nonautonomous transposon enables to induce transposition of these enhancers or promoters together with the nonautonomous transposon. More specifically, transducing the genome, wherein enhancers or promoters are inserted, into rice or other plants; or culturing of anthers; or treating them with chemical agents; or inducing the transposition of the genome, we can demonstrate active expression other genomes flanking to the integration site of the transposed genome and, as a result, we can get a lot of mutants with gain-of-function.
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[0055] As promoters and enhancers for said example, we can use the 35S promoter of cauliflower mosaic virus and four sets in series of enhancer region (at positions −90 to −440 in the sequence) in the 35S promoter, respectively. There are no restrictions on the integration site for the enhancer except the internal region of the inverted repeats of the genome with Sequence Number 1. Also on the integration site of the promoters, there are no restrictions except the internal region of the inverted repeats of the genome with Sequence Number 1 and except nonexistence of methionine in the adjacent downstream region of the integrated site. Preferably, both enhancers and promoters are integrated at position around 250 of Sequence Number 1, if there are no troubles in the transposition of the transposon. To integrate enhancers and promoters, we can use the restriction enzyme site, which divides in two the nucleotide sequence of the genome of Sequence Number 1 or use the cloning sites prepared by PCR.
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Effects of the Invention
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[0056] The present invention, for the first time, demonstrated mobile transposon genes of rice, since previously these rice genes have not been known. Furthermore, inventors confirmed, by such simple method as anther culture and others, that nonautonomous transposon genes are transposable. In other words, we succeeded to provide a new method to transpose artificially a nonautonomous transposon gene.
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[0057] Also in the examples, we demonstrated that nonautonomous transposon genes are deletable by such artificial treatment as anther culture and others. Furthermore, we directly confirmed the genetic locus, wherein nonautonomous transposon genes are inserted. Since we found artificially transposable transposon genes, we succeeded, for the first time, in preparing an artificial system of transposon tagging in rice.
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[0058] Furthermore, the present invention demonstrated autonomous transposon genes (Sequence Number 2 and 3) of rice and transposase genes included in the genomes. The inventors confirmed, by such simple method as anther culture or drug treatment, that the transposon gene could be transposed in rice, wherein the autonomous transposon gene was transduced. In other words, the present invention provides a method to transform these plants easily and artificially, whereby the autonomous transposon genes or transposase genes are transduced artificially into rice and other plants.
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[0059] The autonomous transposon genes of this invention can be used as a source of random mutagens and can produce a system of transposon tagging in rice and other plants. This invention can be used to produce several dozen of plant breeds, wherein the transposons are randomly transposed. Since spontaneous transposition in growing natural plants are very rare, efficient induction of transposition can be achieved in callus derived from induced anthers in plant tissue culture or callus derived from seeds treated with 5-azacytidine. It is possible to induce efficient transposition in plants other than rice, wherein the autonomous transposon genes of this invention are transduced by a transformation method. The mutated plants thus obtained can be analyzed by genetic analysis or by reverse genetic analysis.
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[0060] Genetic analysis is a method to isolate a causal gene from phenotypes of mutants. If a transposon gene of this invention is linked to a phenotype of mutants, the causal gene of the phenotype can easily be isolated by the help of tagging (the transposon).
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[0061] For example, if one wishes to look for a rice breed tolerant to salt, one may examine the tolerance of rice grown from seeds from the system of transposon tagging and may find the desired rice.
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[0062] Reverse genetic analysis is a method to isolate a mutant, wherein genetic function is lost, from a pool of wild host. If a desired gene of a plant is tagged by the transposon, the phenotype related to the gene should be mutated. DNA is isolated from various mutants and a genomic library of a tagged genome is prepared. We can request a transposon tagging system from a public stock centers. Screening the transposon tagging system, we can isolate tagged desired gene-transposon ensemble by PCR.
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[0063] Recent progress of genome project made it cyclopaedically possible to prepare a set of mutants corresponding to entire genomes of rice and to prepare a database for the site of insertion of transposon corresponding to the mutants. User can order seeds of desired mutant by searching the database.
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[0064] The following examples illustrate this invention, however, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
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EXAMPLE 1
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[0065] DNA was extracted from mature leaves of Nihonbare, a rice cultivar (Kikuchi et al. (1998) Plant Biotechnology 15: 45-48). To amplify the central DNA region between both inverted terminal repeats located on both ends of transposon DNA, we used the oligonucleotide comprising the sequence of Sequence Number 7 as PCR primers. We carried out PCR using GeneAmp 9600 system (ABI Co.). Each reaction mixture (100 μl) contained 200 ng of DNA, 2.5 units of TaKaRa Ex Taq (Takara Co.), 10 μl of 10×Ex Taq buffer, 8 μl of dNTP mixture (2.5 mM each dNTP) and 200 pmol of primers. Each cycle of the polymerase reaction consisted of a denaturation step at 94° C. for 30 sec, an annealing step at 55° C. for 1 min and an extension step at 72° C. for 12 min. This cycle was repeated 35 times. After the reaction, DNA was separated on 1% SeaKem GTG agarose® (FMC Co.). The amplified DNA fragment with approximately 450 bp was recovered from the gel and it was subcloned in plasmid pCRII TOPO using TA cloning kit (In Vitrogen). The nucleotide sequence of the obtained clone was determined using 310 DNA sequences (ABI Co.). The nucleotide sequence thus determined was shown as Sequence Number 1, consisted of 430 bp.
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EXAMPLE 2
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[0066] DNA was isolated from leaves of 4 cultivars of rice, Nihonbare, Koshihikari, Hitomebore and Yamahoushi. To amplify the DNA region containing the transposon DNA (accession number AP002843) by PCR, we used the oligonucleotides comprising the sequences of Sequence Number 8 and 9 as PCR primers. Each reaction mixture (100 μl) contained 200 ng of DNA, 2.5 units of AmpliTaq Gold (ABI Co.), 10 μl of GeneAmp10 ®×PCR buffer (contains 15 mM MgCl2), 10 μl of Gene Amp Mixture (2 mM each dNTP) and 200 pmol of primers. Each cycle of the polymerase reaction consisted of a denaturation step at 96° C. for 30 sec, an annealing step at 55° C. for 1 min and an extension step at 72° C. for 1 min. This cycle was repeated 35 times. After the reaction, DNA was separated on 2% LO3 agarose (Takara Co.). FIG. 2 shows the result of the agarose gel electrophoresis. The DNA band of approximately 850 bp was found only for Nihonbare (lane 2). The DNA band of approximately 850 bp indicates the DNA fragment, including the transposon gene (430 bp) of Sequence Number 1 as described in example 1. While, DNA fragments of 420 bp, not including the transposon gene, were found for Koshihikari, Hitomebore and Yamahoushi. The fact that the gene comprising the sequence of Sequence Number 1 was found only for Nihonbare among these rice cultivars suggests that the gene may function as a transposable element.
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COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1
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[0067] The seeds of Nihonbare were sterilized in 3% sodium hypochlorite solution for 15 to 30 min, washed with sterilized water, inoculated on a 90×20 mm of Petri dish (Iwaki Co.) containing 20˜30 ml of media at the rate of 9 seeds per dish and subjected to growth culture under light for 24 h at 30° C. We used a solid medium consisting of 4 g of CHU (N6) Basal Salt Mixture (Sigma Co.), 1 ml of MS vitamin solution (Sigma Co.), 2 mg of 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetic acid (Sigma Co.), 0.3 g of casamino acids (DIFCO), 0.1 g of myo-inositol (Sigma Co.), 2.878 g proline (Wako), 30 g of sucrose (Wako), 2 g of gelrite (Wako) in 1 L of medium. On the 10th day of inductive culture, the calli derived from induced seeds were transplanted to a 90×20 mm of Petri dish (Iwaki Co.) containing 20˜30 ml of medium and subjected to growth culture under light for 24 h at 30° C. We used a solid medium consisting of 4 g of CHU (N6) Basal Salt Mixture (Sigma Co.), 1 ml of MS vitamin solution (Sigma Co.), 2 mg of 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetic acid (Sigma Co.), 0.3 g of casamino acids (DIFCO), 0.1 g of myo-inositol (Sigma Co.), 2.878 g proline (Wako), 30 g of sucrose (Wako), 2 g of gelrite (Wako) in 1 L of medium.
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[0068] DNA was extracted from calluses derived from seeds in growth culture for two weeks. To amplify the DNA region containing the transposon DNA by PCR, we used the oligonucleotides comprising the sequences of Sequence Number 8 and 9 as PCR primers as described in example 2. Each reaction mixture (100 μl) contained 200 ng of DNA, 2.5 units of AmpliTaq GOLD® (ABI Co.), 10 μl of GeneAmp10×PCR buffer (contains 15 mM MgCl2), 10 μl of Gene Amp Mixture (2 mM each dNTP) and 200 pmol of primers. Each cycle of the polymerase reaction consisted of a denaturation step at 96° C. for 30 sec, an annealing step at 55° C. for 1 min and an extension step at 72° C. for 1 min. This cycle was repeated 35 times. After the reaction, DNA was separated on 2% LO3 agarose (Takara Co.). FIG. 3 shows the result of the agarose gel electrophoresis. Only a single DNA band of approximately 850 bp was found. The DNA band of approximately 850 bp indicates the DNA fragment, including the transposon gene. The expected DNA band of 420 bp, wherein transposon gene was deleted, could not be found. The probability that the band of size of approximately 420 bp is found was 0 callus per 64 calli (0%). Therefore, it was confirmed that transposon genes were not mobile in seed (scutellum)-derived calli.
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EXAMPLE 3
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[0069] Spikes of Nihonbare were harvested at pre-emergence, kept in cold treatment for 10 days at 10° C., sterilized in 1% sodium hypochlorite solution for 1 min and washed with sterilized water. Then, anthers were picked out from the floret, seeded in a 35×10 mm Petri dish (CORNING Co.) containing 3 ml of liquid medium at the rate of 50 anthers per dish and subjected to induction culture under light for 24 h at 30° C. Used was a liquid medium consisting of 4 g of CHU (N6) Basal Salt Mixture (Sigma Co.), 1 ml of MS vitamin solution (Sigma Co.), 2 mg of 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetic acid (Sigma Co.), 30 g of sucrose (Wako) in 1 L of medium. After 3˜4 weeks of inductive culture, the calli derived from induced anthers were transplanted to a 90×20 mm of Petri dish (Iwaki Co.) containing 20˜30 ml of medium and subjected to growth culture under light for 24 h at 30° C. We used a solid medium consisting of 4 g of CHU (N6) Basal Salt Mixture (Sigma Co.), 1 ml of MS vitamin solution (Sigma Co.), 2 ml of α-naphthalene acetic acid solution (Sigma Co.), 2 ml of kinetin solution (Sigma Co.), 3 g of casamino acids (DIFCO), 30 g of sucrose (Wako), 2 g of gelrite (Wako) in 1 L of medium.
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[0070] DNA was extracted from calli derived from anthers in growth culture for 2 weeks. To amplify the DNA region containing the transposon DNA by PCR, we used the oligonucleotides comprising the sequences of Sequence Number 8 and 9 as PCR primers as described in example 2. Each reaction mixture (100 μl) contained 200 ng of DNA, 2.5 units of AmpliTaq Gold (ABI Co.), 10 μl of GeneAmp10×PCR buffer (contains 15 mM MgCl2), 10 μl of Gene Amp Mixture (2 mM each dNTP) and 200 pmol of primers. Each cycle of the polymerase reaction consisted of a denaturation step at 96° C. for 30 sec, an annealing step at 55° C. for 1 min and an extension step at 72° C. for 1 min. This cycle was repeated 35 times. After the reaction, DNA was separated using 2% LO3 agarose (Takara Co.). FIG. 4 shows the result of the agarose gel electrophoresis. As shown in FIG. 4, two DNA bands of approximately 850 bp and 420 bp were obtained. The DNA band of approximately 850 bp indicates the DNA band including a transposon gene. While, the band of approximately 420 bp indicates that transposon genes were deleted. The probability that the DNA band of approximately 420 bp is observed was 11 calli per 64 calli (17.2%).
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[0071] Since the DNA bands of approximately 420 bp, indicating the deletion of the transposon gene, was the PCR products from anther derived calli in this example, the amplified DNA fragments (approximately 420 bp, N=5) were recovered from the gel and subcloned into plasmid pCRII-TOPO using TA clonging kit (In Vitrogen). The nucleotide sequence of 5 clones thus obtained was determined by 310 DNA sequencer (ABI Co.). The alignment of these nucleotide sequences clarified the absence of the transposon gene sequence in these 5 clones (data not shown). Therefore, the inventors confirmed the deletion of the transposon gene on the basis of nucleotide sequences.
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[0072] In comparative example 1, the transposon gene in scutellum (seed) derived cell cultures was not mobile, however, in this example, the transposon gene in anther derived cell cultures was mobile highly frequently.
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EXAMPLE 4
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[0073] Spikes of Nihonbare were harvested at pre-emergence, kept in cold treatment for 10 days at 10° C., sterilized in 1% sodium hypochlorite solution for 1 min and washed with sterilized water. Then, anthers were picked out from the floret, seeded in a 35×10 mm Petri dish (CORNING Co.) containing 3 ml of liquid medium at the rate of 50 anthers per dish and subjected to induction culture under light for 24 h at 30° C. We used a liquid medium consisting of 4 g of (Sigma Co.), 1 ml of MS vitamin solution (Sigma Co.), 2 mg of 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetic acid (Sigma Co.), 30 g of sucrose (Wako) in 1 L of medium. After 3˜4 weeks of inductive culture, the calli derived from induced anthers were transplanted to a 90×20 mm of Petri dish (Iwaki Co.) containing 20˜30 ml of medium and subjected to growth culture under light for 24 h at 30° C. We used a solid medium consisting of 4 g of CHU (N6) Balsal Salt Mixture (Sigma Co.), 1 ml of MS vitamin solution (Sigma Co.), 2 ml of α-naphthalene acetic acid solution (Sigma Co.), 2 ml of kinetin solution (Sigma Co.), 3 g of casamino acids (DIFCO), 30 g of sucrose (Wako), 2 g of gelrite (Wako) in 1 L of medium. The anther derive calli in growth culture for two weeks were transplanted in a 90×20 mm Petri dish (Iwaki Co.) with 20˜30 ml of medium and were cultured for regeneration under light for 24 h, at 30° C. We used a solid medium consisting of 4.3 g of MS Basal Salt Mixture (Gibcobrl Co.), 1 ml of MS vitamin solution (Sigma Co.), 10 ml of 6-benzylamino-purine solution (Sigma Co.), 2 ml of α-naphthalene acetic acid solution (Sigma Co.), 2 g of casamino acids (DIFCO), 30 g of sorbitol (Wako), 30 g of sucrose (Wako), 2 g of gelrite (Wako) in 1 L of medium. The regenerated plant, in regeneration culture for 3˜4 weeks, was transplanted in a growth culture and, when it was grown up, transferred to the soil. As a growth medium, we used a solid medium consisting of 4.3 g of MS Basal Salt Mixture (Gibcobrl. Co.), 1 ml of MS vitamin solution (Sigma Co.), 30 g of sucrose (Wako) and 2 g of gelrite (Wako) in 1 L of medium.
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[0074] DNA was extracted from 9 young seedlings, regenerated from anther-derived calli by CTBA method. The extracted DNA was digested with a restriction enzyme HindIII, separated on 0.8% LO3 (Takara Co.) gel electrophoresis and transferred to a Nylon membrane (HybondN+) (Amersham Co.) by alkaline blotting. The DIG luminescence DNA detection kit (Roche Co.) was used for Southern hybridization. The PCR DIG Probe synthesis kit (Roche Co.) was used for preparation of probes. To amplify the internal DNA region containing the transposon DNA by PCR, we used the oligonucleotides comprising the sequences of Sequence Numbers 10 and 11 (both sequences are located inside the Sequence Number 1 (transposon gene)) as PCR primers as described in example 2. FIG. 5 shows the result of the agarose gel electrophoresis. As shown in FIG. 5, two new bands (indicated by arrows), which were not observed in control Nihonbare, were found in Lanes 2 and 6. These two bands show that the transposon gene was inserted in these seedlings and then disrupted.
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[0075] On the basis of the present example, it was clarified that the transposon gene was inserted to new genetic loci. Furthermore, an example of morphological mutation (the relevant gene is not determined) was found in regenerated rice as shown in FIG. 6 and the example may suggest that genes related to morphology was disrupted by the insertion of the transposon gene.
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EXAMPLE 5
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[0076] Seeds of Nihonbare were sterilized in 3% sodium hypochlorite solution for 15˜30 min, washed with sterilized water, inoculated on a 90×20 mm of Petri dish (Iwaki Co.) containing 20˜30 ml of media at the rate of 9 seeds per dish and subjected to induction culture under light for 24 h at 30° C. We used a solid medium consisting of 4 g of CHU (N6) Basal Salt Mixture (Sigma Co.), 1 ml of MS vitamin solution (Sigma Co.), 2 mg of 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetic acid (Sigma Co.), 0.3 g of casamino acids (DIFCO), 0.1 g of myo-inositol (Sigma Co.), 2.878 g proline (Wako), 30 g of sucrose (Wako), 2 g of gelrite (Wako) in 1 L of medium.
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[0077] After several days, calli were started forming from scutellum inside rice seeds and changed to cream-colored ones with 5 mm length on the 10th day of culture. The creamy-colored calli with 5 mm length were transplanted to growth media supplemented with 5-azacytidine (Sigma Co.) at either 0 mM, 0.01 mM, 0.03 mM, 0.05 mM, 0.1 mM or 0.3 mM, respectively, and subjected to growth culture under light for 24 h at 30° C. We used a solid medium consisting of 4 g of CHU (N6) Basal Salt Mixture (Sigma Co.), 1 ml of MS vitamin solution (Sigma Co.), 2 mg of 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetic acid (Sigma Co.), 0.3 g of casamino acids (DIFCO), 0.1 g of myo-inositol (Sigma Co.), 2.878 g proline (Wako), 30 g of sucrose (Wako), 2 g of gelrite (Wako) in 1 L of medium.
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[0078] DNA was extracted by Dneasy plant mini kit (QIAGEN) from calli derived from seeds in growth culture for 2 weeks. To amplify the DNA region containing the transposon DNA by PCR, we used the oligonucleotides comprising the sequences of Sequence Numbers 12 and 13 as PCR primers.
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[0079] As PCR reaction mixture, we used HotStarTaq Master Mix kit (QIAGEN).
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[0080] Each cycle of the polymerase reaction consisted of a denaturation step at 96° C. for 30 sec, an annealing step at 55° C. for 1 min and an extension step at 72° C. for 1 min. This cycle was repeated 45 times. After the reaction, DNA was separated on 2% LO3 agarose (Takara Co.).
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[0081] Two DNA bands of approximately 730 bp and 300 bp were observed for calli cultured supplemented with 0.03 mM-0.3 mM of 5-azacytidine (FIG. 7). The DNA band of approximately 730 bp indicates the DNA band including a transposon gene. While, the DNA band of approximately 300 bp indicates the DNA bands not including the transposon gene (430 bp).
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[0082] These DNA fragments (300 bp) were recovered from the gel and subcloned into plasmid pCRII-TOPO using TA cloning kit (In Vitrogen). The nucleotide sequence of 4 clones thus obtained was determined by 310 DNA sequencer (ABI Co.). The nucleotide sequences of 4 clones were subjected to a multiple alignment as shown in FIG. 8. No transposon gene sequence was found in these 4 clones.
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[0083] This example showed that the transposition of the transposon gene of this invention could be induced even for seed-derived calli by means of 5-azacytidine, a demethylating agent. Based on this result, it can be expected that several hundreds of clones transposed by this transposon gene could be obtained from a single seed.
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EXAMPLE 6
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[0084] Spikes of Nihonbare were harvested at pre-emergence, kept in cold treatment for 10 days at 10° C., sterilized in 1% sodium hypochlorite solution for 1 min and washed with sterilized water. Then, anthers were picked out from the floret, seeded in a 35×10 mm Petri dish (CORNING Co.) containing 3 ml of liquid medium at the rate of 50 anthers per dish and subjected to induction culture under light for 24 h at 30° C. We used a liquid medium consisting of 4 g of CHU (N6) Basal Salt Mixture (Sigma Co.), 1 ml of MS vitamin (Sigma Co.), 2 mg of 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetic acid (Sigma Co.), 30 g of sucrose (Wako) in 1 L of medium. After 3˜4 weeks of inductive culture, the calli derived from induced anthers were transplanted to a 90×20 mm of Petri dish (Iwaki Co.) containing 20˜30 ml of medium and subjected to growth culture under light for 24 h at 30° C. We used a solid medium consisting of 4 g of CHU (N6) Basal Salt Mixture (Sigma Co.), 1 ml of MS vitamin solution (Sigma Co.), 2 ml of α-naphthalene acetic acid solution (Sigma Co.), 2 ml of kinetin solution (Sigma Co.), 3 g of casamino acids (DIFCO), 30 g of sucrose (Wako), 2 g of gelrite (Wako) in 1 L of medium.
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[0085] DNA was extracted from calli derived from anthers in growth culture for 2 weeks (Kikuchi et al. (1998) Plant Biotechnology 15: 45-48). To amplify the DNA region containing the transposon DNA by PCR, we used the oligonucleotides comprising the sequences of Sequence Number 14 (88933rd-88962nd bases of AP004236) and Sequence Number 15 (95545th-95574th bases of AP004236) as PCR primers. Each reaction mixture (100 μl) contained 200 ng of DNA, 2.5 units of TaKaRa LA Taq (Takara Co.), 10 μl of 10×LA PCR buffer II, 6 μl of 25 mM MgCl2, 8 μl of dNTP mixture (2.5 mM each dNTP) and 100 pmol of primers.
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[0086] Each cycle of the polymerase reaction consisted of a denaturation step at 94° C. for 30 sec and an extension step at 68° C. for 12 min. This cycle was repeated 35 times. After the reaction, DNA was separated on 0.8% LO3 agarose (Takara Co.) gel electrophoresis. The DNA band of approximately 6.6 kbp indicates the DNA band including the transposon gene (5341 bp) of this invention. Since the size of the transposon of this invention is approximately 5.4 kbp, the DNA band of approximately 1.2 kbp could be expected when this transposon gene is deleted. A DNA band of approximately 1.2 kbp was obtained in this example (FIG. 13). These results show that the transposon gene is mobile in anther-derived calli. The probability, that the DNA band of approximately 1.2 kbp was observed in calli, was three calli per 64 calli (4.7%). This example proved that the MITE of rice with the nucleotide sequence of Sequence Number 2 was mobile in anther-derived calli.
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COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 2
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[0087] Seeds of Nihonbare, a rice cultivar, were sterilized in 3% sodium hypochlorite solution for 15˜30 min, washed with sterilized water, inoculated on a 90×20 mm of Petri dish (Iwaki Co.) containing 20˜30 ml of media at the rate of 9 seeds per dish and subjected to induction culture under light for 24 h at 30° C. We used a solid medium consisting of 4 g of CHU (N6) Basal Salt Mixture (Sigma Co.), 1 ml of MS vitamin solution (Sigma Co.), 2 mg of 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetic acid (Sigma Co.), 0.3 g of casamino acids (DIFCO), 0.1 g of myo-inositol (Sigma Co.), 2.878 g proline (Wako), 30 g of sucrose (Wako), 2 g of gelrite (Wako) in 1 L of medium. On the 10th day of inductive culture, the calli derived from induced seeds were transplanted to a 90×20 mm of Petri dish (Iwaki Co.) containing 20˜30 ml of medium and subjected to growth culture under light for 24 h at 30° C. We used was a solid medium consisting of 4 g of CHU (N6) Basal Salt Mixture (Sigma Co.), 1 ml of MS vitamin solution (Sigma Co.), 2 mg of 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetic acid (Sigma Co.), 0.3 g of casamino acids (DIFCO), 0.1 g of myo-inositol (Sigma Co.), 2.878 g proline (Wako), 30 g of sucrose (Wako), 2 g of gelrite (Wako) in 1 L of medium. DNA was extracted from calli derived from seeds in growth culture for two weeks (Kikuchi et al. (1998) Plant Biotechnology 15: 45-48). To amplify the DNA region containing the transposon DNA by PCR, we used the oligonucleotides comprising the sequences of Sequence Numbers 14 and 15 as PCR primers. Each reaction mixture (100 μl) contained 200 ng of DNA, 2.5 units of TaKaRa LA Taq (Takara Co.), 10 μl of 10×LA PCR buffer II, 6 μl of 25 mM MgCl2, 8 μl of dNTP mixture (2.5 mM each dNTP) and 100 pmol of primers. Each cycle of the polymerase reaction consisted of a denaturation step at 94° C. for 30 sec and an extension step at 68° C. for 12 min. This cycle was repeated 35 times. After the reaction, DNA was separated on 0.8% LO3 agarose (Takara Co.) gel electrophoresis. A single DNA band of approximately 6.6 kbp, but not a band of approximately 1.2 kbp, was observed for all calli samples from seeds (FIG. 13). The result implied that transposon genes were not mobile in seed derived-calli. The probability that the DNA band of approximately 1.2 kbp was observed in seed-derived callus is 0 callus per 64 calli (0%).
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EXAMPLE 7
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[0088] In this example, to look for a cultivar, wherein the autonomous transposon gene (Sequence Number 2) is not included and to clarify whether there is a difference in the efficiency of the transposition of a nonautonomous transposon gene between calli with the autonomous transposon gene (Sequence Number 2) and those without the gene, we induced anther-derived callus from cultivars not including autonomous transposon gene (Sequence Number 2) and checked the efficiency of the transposition of a nonautonomous transposon gene.
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[0089] DNA was isolated by CTAB method from leaves of 4 kinds of rice cultivars, Nihonbare, Koshihikari, Taichung No. 65 and Kasarasu. The isolated DNA was digested by a restriction enzyme, HindIII, separated by 1.0% LO3 agarose gel electrophoresis, transferred to a Nylon membrane (HybondN+, Amersham Co.) by an alkaline blotting and detected by DIG luminescence DNA detection kit (Roche Co.) using Southern hybridization. The PCR DIG probe synthesis kit (Roche Co.) was used for preparation of probes. To amplify the DNA region specific to the autonomous transposon gene by PCR, we used the oligonucleotides comprising the sequences of Sequence Number 16 and 17 as PCR primers. The result of Southern hybridization shows that one copy of autonomous transposon gene exists in both Nihonbare and Koshihikari, but not in Taichung No. 65 and Kasarasu (FIG. 14).
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[0090] Then, we induced callus derived from anthers of Taichung No. 65 and examined whether nonautonomous tranposon gene (Sequence Number 1) was transposed.
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[0091] Spikes of Taichung No. 65 were harvested from the head spout before forming the spikes, kept in cold treatment for 10 days at 10° C., sterilized in 1% sodium hypochlorite solution for 1 min and washed with sterilized water. Then, anthers were picked out from the caryopsis, seeded in a 35×10 mm Petri dish (CORNING Co.) containing 3 ml of liquid medium at the rate of 50 anthers per dish and subjected to induction culture under light for 24 h at 30° C. We used a liquid medium consisting of 4 g of CHU (N6) Basal Salt Mixture (Sigma Co.), 1 ml of MS vitamin solution (Sigma Co.), 2 mg of 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetic acid (Sigma Co.), 30 g of sucrose (Wako) in 1 L of medium. After 3˜4 weeks of inductive culture, the calli derived from induced anthers were transplanted to a 90×20 mm of Petri dish (Iwaki Co.) containing 20˜30 ml of medium and subjected to growth culture under light for 24 h at 30° C. We used a solid medium consisting of 4 g of CHU (N6) Basal Salt Mixture (Sigma Co.), 1 ml of MS vitamin solution (Sigma Co.), 2 ml of α-naphthalene acetic acid solution (Sigma Co.), 2 ml of kinetin solution (Sigma Co.), 3 g of casamino acids (DIFCO), 30 g of sucrose (Wako), 2 g of gelrite (Wako) in 1 L of medium.
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[0092] DNA was extracted from calli derived from anthers in growth culture for 2 weeks according to the method described (Kikuchi et al. (1998) Plant Biotechnology 15: 45-48). To amplify the DNA region specific to the autonomous transposon gene by PCR, we used the oligonucleotides comprising the sequences of Sequence Numbers 18 and 19 (L02), Sequence Numbers 20 and 21 (L06) and Sequence Numbers 22 and 23 (L07) as PCR primers. Each reaction mixture (100 μl) contained 200 ng of DNA, 2.5 units of AmpliTaq Gold (ABI Co.), 10 μl of GeneAmp10×PCR buffer (contains 15 mM MgCl 2), 10 μl of Gene Amp Mixture (2 mM each dNTP) and 200 pmol of primers. Each cycle of the polymerase reaction consisted of a denaturation step at 96° C. for 30 sec, an annealing step at 55° C. for 1 min and an extension step at 72° C. for 1 min. This cycle was repeated 35 times. After the reaction, DNA was separated on 2% LO3 agarose (Takara Co.). The results show that there are no transpositions of the nonaoutonomous transposon gene, located in L02, L06 and L07 loci, in Taichung N. 65, not carrying the autonomous transposon gene (Sequence Number 1) (Table 2, the first line). However the nonautonomous transposon gene transposed in high frequency at 10.9-31.3% in anther-derived callus of Nihonbare, which carries the autonomous transposon gene (Sequence Number 2), as shown in the following comparative example 3.
[2] [TABLE-US-00002]
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Anther-derived |
0/64 |
0/64 |
0/64 |
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callus |
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Gene-transduced |
2/38 |
1/38 |
0/38 |
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anther-derived |
5.3% |
2.6% |
0% |
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callus |
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COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 3
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[0093] Spikes of Nihonbare were harvested at pre-emergence, kept in cold treatment for 10 days at 10° C., sterilized in 1% sodium hypochlorite solution for 1 min and washed with sterilized water. Then, anthers were picked out from the floret, seeded in a 35×10 mm Petri dish (CORNING Co.) containing 3 ml of liquid medium at the rate of 50 anthers per dish and subjected to induction culture under light for 24 h at 30° C. We used a liquid medium consisting of 4 g of CHU (N6) Basal Salt Mixture (Sigma Co.), 1 ml of MS vitamin solution (Sigma Co.), 2 mg of 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetic acid (Sigma Co.), 30 g of sucrose (Wako) in 1 L of medium was used. After 3˜4 weeks of inductive culture, the calli derived from induced anthers were transplanted to a 90×20 mm of Petri dish (Iwaki Co.) containing 20˜30 ml of medium and subjected to growth culture under light for 24 h at 30° C. We used a solid medium consisting of 4 g of CHU (N6) Basal Salt Mixture (Sigma Co.), 1 ml of MS vitamin solution (Sigma Co.), 2 ml of α-naphthalene acetic acid solution (Sigma Co.), 2 ml of kinetin solution (Sigma Co.), 3 g of casamino acids (DIFCO), 30 g of sucrose (Wako), 2 g of gelrite (Wako) in 1 L of medium. DNA was extracted from calli derived from anthers in growth culture for 2 weeks. To amplify the DNA region containing the transposon DNA by PCR, we used the oligonucleotides comprising the sequences of Sequence Numbers 5 and 1 as PCR primers as described in example 7. Each reaction mixture (100 μl) contained 200 ng of DNA, 2.5 units of AmpliTaq Gold (ABI Co.), 10 μl of GeneAmp10×PCR buffer (contains 15 mM MgCl2), 10 μl of Gene Amp Mixture (2 mM each dNTP) and 200 pmol of primers. Each cycle of the polymerase reaction consisted of a denaturation step at 96° C. for 30 sec, an annealing step at 55° C. for 1 min and an extension step at 72° C. for 1 min. This cycle was repeated 35 times. After the reaction, DNA was separated using 2% LO3 agarose (Takara Co.). We obtained the result that there are two DNA bands of approximately 850 bp and 420 bp. The DNA band of approximately 850 bp indicates the DNA band including a transposon gene. While, the band of approximately 420 bp indicates that transposon genes were deleted. The probability, that the DNA band of approximately 420 bp is observed, was 11 calli per 64 calli (17.2%)
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EXAMPLE 8
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[0094] In this example, we isolated the DNA region including the autonomous transposon gene (Sequence Number 2), transduced to a cultivar (Taichung No. 65), which does not include the autonomous transposon gene (Sequence Number 2), and examined the possibility of transposition of nonautonomous transposon gene (Sequence Number 1) in this cultivar.
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[0095] To amplify the DNA region including the autonomous transposon gene (Sequence Number 2) from Nihonbare, a cultivar of rice, we designed two primer nucleotide sequences, Sequence Numbers 24 and 25, whose sequences are located at the adjacent upstream and downstream, respectively, of the target DNA region (Sequence Number 2) for the PCR reaction. We synthesized the origonucleotides of the sequences of Sequence Number 24 and 25 and used them as primers. DNA was isolated from leaves of Nihonbare by CTAB method. Each reaction mixture (100 μl) contained 200 ng of DNA, 2.5 units of TaKaRa LA Taq (Takara Co.), 10 μl of 10×LA PCR buffer II, 6 μl of 25 mM MgCl2, 8 μl of dNTP mixture (2.5 mM each dNTP) and 100 pmol of primers. Each cycle of the polymerase reaction consisted of a denaturation step at 94° C. for 30 sec and an extension step at 68° C. for 12 min. This cycle was repeated 35 times. After the reaction, DNA was separated on 0.8% LO3 agarose (Takara Co.) gel electrophoresis. We obtained the DNA band of approximately 6.6 kbp, including the autonomous transposon gene. The DNA fragment (approximately 6.6 kbp) was recovered from gel slices, subcloned into plasmid pCRII TOPO using TA cloning kit (In Vitrogen), cut out using the multicloning sites (ApaI and KpnI) in pCRII TOPO using TA cloning kit, subcloned to a binary vector, which contains a selectable marker gene, hygromycin resistant gene, and could be used for plant infection, and transduced to Agrobacteria EHA101 by electroporation. On three days before the infection of the Agrobacteria to anther-derived callus, the Agrobacteria were streaked onto AB medium containing kanamycin (Wako) and hygromycin (Wako).
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[0096] Then, mediated by the Agrobacterium, the DNA fragments (approximately 6.6 kbp), wherein the autonomous tranposon gene (Sequence Number 2) was included, were transduced to the anther-derived calli of Taichung No. 65, a rice cultivar.
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[0097] Spikes of Taichung No. 65 were harvested at pre-emergence, kept in cold treatment for 10 days at 10° C., sterilized in 1% sodium hypochlorite solution for 1 min and washed with sterilized water. Then, anthers were picked out from the floret, seeded in a 35×10 mm Petri dish (CORNING Co.) containing 3 ml of liquid medium at the rate of 50 anthers per dish and subjected to induction culture under light for 24 h at 30° C. We used a liquid medium consisting of 4 g of CHU (N6) Basal Salt Mixture (Sigma Co.), 1 ml of MS vitamin solution (Sigma Co.), 2 mg of 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetic acid (Sigma Co.), 30 g of sucrose (Wako) in 1 L of medium. After 3˜4 weeks of inductive culture, the calli derived from induced anthers were transplanted to a 90×20 mm of Petri dish (Iwaki Co.) containing 20˜30 ml of medium and subjected to growth culture under light for 24 h at 30° C. We used a solid medium consisting of 4 g of CHU (N6) Basal Salt Mixture (Sigma Co.), 1 ml of MS vitamin solution (Sigma Co.), 2 ml of α-naphthalene acetic acid solution (Sigma Co.), 2 ml of kinetin solution (Sigma Co.), 3 g of casamino acids (DIFCO), 30 g of sucrose (Wako), 2 g of gelrite (Wako) in 1 L of medium.
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|
[0098] The Agrobacteria were infected to anther-derived calli originated from Taichung No. 65, at 2 weeks of growth culture in growth medium. The Agrobacteria, streaked onto the surface of AB medium and kept for three days, were scraped by a spatula, mixed with AAM medium (25 ml) supplemented with 10 mg/L acetosyringone. The mixed medium with the Agrobacterium for infection was kept in a Petri dish (IWAKI). The calli, in wire cage, derived from anther in growth culture for 2 weeks was immersed into the mixed medium for infection for 2 min. After the immersion, the mesh cage was put on a sterilized paper towel and removed the excess medium. The callus was put on a filter paper on a symbiotic medium by a forceps and cultured at 28° C. for 3 days under dark, sealed by a surgical tape. The symbiotic medium, used, was a solid medium containing 4 g of CHU (N6) Basal Salt Mixture (Sigma Co.), 1 ml of MS vitamin solution (Sigma Co.), 30 g of Sucrose (Wako), 10 g of Glucose (Wako), 2 mg of 2, 4-dichloro-phenoxyacetic acid (Sigma Co.), 2 g of gelrite (Wako) and 10 mg of acetosyringone in 1 L of medium. After symbiotic culture for 3 days, the callus was added to an Erlenmeyer flask with 100 ml of sterilized water, shaken well and the water was discarded. After washing with sterilized water several times and with washing solution supplemented with 500 mg/ml of carbenisillin, the callus was transplanted on Petri dish at the rate of 9 calli/dish, sealed by a surgical tape and was cultured under light at 25° C. for a month. As a selection medium, we used a solid medium consisting of 4 g of CHU (N6) Basal Salt Mixture (Sigma Co.), 1 ml of MS Vitamine Solution (Sigma Co.), 30 g of sucrose (Wako), 0.3 g of casamino acids (DIFCO), 2.878 g of proline (ICN), 0.1 g of mio-inositol (Sigma Co.), 2 mg of 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetic acid (Sigma Co.), 500 mg of hygromycin (Wako), 50 mg of carbenicillin (Wako), 2 g of gelrite (Wako) in 1 L of medium.
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[0099] Then, we examined the possible transduction of the autonomous transposon gene of Nihonbare and the possible transposition of the nonautonomous transposon gene (Sequence Number 1) in hygromycin-resistant calli, grown in a selection medium for 3˜4 weeks after seeded on the medium.
|
|
[0100] DNA was isolated from the resistant calli according to the method described (Kikuchi et al. (1998) Plant Biotechnology 15: 45-48). To amplify the DNA region including the autonomous transposon gene (Sequence Number 2), we used the oligonucleotides comprising the sequences of Sequence Numbers 24 and 25, located at the adjacent upstream and down stream, respectively, of the target DNA region (Sequence Number 2), as primers.
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|
[0101] Each reaction mixture (100 μl) contained 200 ng of DNA, 2.5 units of TaKaRa LA Taq (Takara Co.), 10 μl of 10×LA PCR buffer II, 6 μl of 25 mM MgCl2, 8 μl of dNTP mixture (2.5 mM each dNTP) and 100 pmol of primers. Each cycle of the polymerase reaction consisted of a denaturation step at 94° C. for 30 sec and an extension step at 68° C. for 12 min. This cycle was repeated 35 times. After the reaction the PCR products were separated on 0.8% LO3 agarose (Takara Co.) gel electrophoresis. As shown the results in FIG. 15, we confirmed the transduction of the autonomous transposon gene of Nihonbare in hygromycin-resistant calli from Taichung No. 65.
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|
[0102] Then to amplify the DNA region including the nonautonomous transposon gene by PCR, we used the oligonucleotides comprising the sequences of Sequence Numbers 18 and 19 (L02), Sequence Numbers 20 and 21 (L06) and Sequence Numbers 22 and 23 (L07) as primers. As PCR reaction mixture, we used HotStarTaq Master Mix kit (QIAGEN). Each cycle of the polymerase reaction consisted of a denaturation step at 96° C. for 30 sec, an annealing step at 55° C. for 1 min and an extension step at 72° C. for 2 min. This cycle was repeated 45 times. After the reaction, DNA was separated on 2% LO3 agarose (Takara Co.). We examined the possibility of deletion of the nonautonomous tranposon gene for 38 calli, wherein the autonomous transposon gene was transduced, and obtained a DNA band (shown by an arrow), suggestive of deletion of the nonautonomous transposon gene in L06 gene locus (FIG. 16). The frequency of deletion of the nonautonomous transposon gene in L02, L06 and L07 gene loci was around 0˜5.3% (Table 2, the 2nd line).
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|
[0103] The DNA fragments suggestive of the deletion of nonautonomous transposon gene in L02 and L06 gene loci were recovered from the gel and subcloned into plasmids pCRII-TOPO using TA cloning kit using a TA cloning kit (In Vitrogen). The nucleotide sequences of the clones obtained were determined by 310 DNA sequencer (ABI Co.). There was no nonautonomous transposon gene in these clones (FIGS. 17 and 18).
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|
[0104] These result show that transposition of the nonautonomous transposon gene was induced in anther-derived calli originated from Taichung No. 65, wherein the autonomous transposon gene of Nihonbare was transduced.
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[0105] On the basis of these results, we can conclude that the transposon gene expressed by sequence Number 2 not only transposes autonomously in anther-derived calli but also regulates the transposition of the nonautonomous transposon gene.
|
EXAMPLE 9
|
[0106] In this example, we examined the transposition activity of the nucleotide sequence of Sequence Number 3 in anther-derived calli and in scutellum-derived calli treated with 5-azacytidine.
|
|
[0107] Spikes of Nihonbare were harvested at pre-emergence, kept in cold treatment for 10 days at 10° C., sterilized in 1% sodium hypochlorite solution for 1 min and washed with sterilized water. Then, anthers were picked out from the floret, seeded in a 35×10 mm Petri dish (CORNING Co.) containing 3 ml of liquid medium at the rate of 50 anthers per dish and subjected to induction culture under light for 24 h at 30° C. We used a liquid medium consisting of 4 g of CHU (N6) Basal Salt Mixture (Sigma Co.), 1 ml of MS vitamin solution (Sigma Co.), 2 mg of 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetic acid (Sigma Co.), 30 g of sucrose (Wako) in 1 L of medium. After 3˜4 weeks of inductive culture, the calli derived from induced anthers were transplanted to a 90×20 mm of Petri dish (Iwaki Co.) containing 20˜30 ml of medium and subjected to growth culture under light for 24 h at 30° C. We used a solid medium consisting of 4 g of CHU (N6) Basal Salt Mixture (Sigma Co.), 1 ml of MS vitamin solution (Sigma Co.), 2 ml of α-naphthalene acetic acid solution (Sigma Co.), 2 ml of kinetin solution (Sigma Co.), 3 g of casamino acids (DIFCO), 30 g of sucrose (Wako), 2 g of gelrite (Wako) in 1 L of medium. DNA was extracted from calli derived from anthers in growth culture for 2 weeks according to the method described (Kikuchi et al. (1998) Plant Biotechnology 15: 45-48).
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|
[0108] Seeds of Nihonbare, a rice cultivar, were sterilized in 3% sodium hypochlorite solution for 15˜30 min, washed with sterilized water, inoculated on a 90×20 mm of Petri dish (Iwaki Co.) with 20˜30 ml of media at the rate of 9 seeds per dish and subjected to induction culture under light for 24 h at 30° C. We used a solid medium consisting of 4 g of CHU (N6) Basal Salt Mixture (Sigma Co.), 1 ml of MS vitamin solution (Sigma Co.), 2 mg of 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetic acid (Sigma Co.), 0.3 g of casamino acids (DIFCO), 0.1 g of myo-inositol (Sigma Co.), 2.878 g proline (Wako), 30 g of sucrose (Wako), 2 g of gelrite (Wako) in 1 L of medium. On the 10th day of inductive culture, the calli derived from induced seeds were transferred to a growth medium supplemented with 5-azacytidine (Sigma) at 0 mM, 0.1 mM or 0.5 mM and were subjected to growth culture under light for 24 h at 30° C. We used a solid medium consisting of 4 g of CHU (N6) Basal Salt Mixture (Sigma Co.), 1 ml of MS vitamin solution (Sigma Co.), 2 mg of 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetic acid (Sigma Co.), 0.3 g of casamino acids (DIFCO), 0.1 g of myo-inositol (Sigma Co.), 2.878 g proline (Wako), 30 g of sucrose (Wako), 2 g of gelrite (Wako) in 1 L of medium. DNA was extracted from calli derived from seeds in growth culture for two weeks by Dneasy plant mini kit (Qiagen).
|
|
[0109] To amplify the DNA region containing the transposon DNA by PCR, we used the oligonucleotides comprising the sequences of Sequence Numbers 26 and 27 as PCR primers. Each reaction mixture (100 μl) contained 200 ng of DNA, 2.5 units of TaKaRa LA Taq (Takara Co.), 10 μl of 10×LA PCR bufferII, 6 □l of 25 mM MgCl2, 8 μl of dNTP Mixture (2.5 mM each dNTP) and 100 pmol of primers. Each cycle of the polymerase reaction consisted of a denaturation step at 94° C. for 30 sec and an extension step at 68° C. for 12 min. This cycle was repeated 35 times. After the reaction, PCR products were separated on 0.8% LO3 agarose (Takara Co.) gel electrophoresis.
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[0110] It was found that the transposon gene with the nucleotide sequence of Sequence Number 3 was not transposed in anther-derived calli and in scutellum-derived calli, but high frequency of transposition was taken place in scutellum-derived calli treated with 5-azacytidine (Table 3).
[3] [TABLE-US-00003]
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|
TABLE 3 |
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|
|
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|
|
|
|
The frequency of deletion |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anther-derived callus |
0/64 |
(0%) |
|
|
(Nihonbare) |
|
|
Scutellum-derived callus |
0/64 |
(0%) |
|
|
(Nihonbare) |
|
|
0 mM 5-azacytidine |
0/8 |
(0%) |
|
|
0.1 mM 5-azacytidine |
2/8 |
(25%) |
|
|
0.5 mM 5-azacytidine |
7/8 |
(87.5%) |
|
|
|
|
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[0111] The transposon gene with the nucleotide sequence of Sequence Number 3 has the structure of an autonomous transposon gene with a coding sequence of a transposase, can be activated by the treatment with 5-azacytidine and may control the transposition of nonautonomous transposon gene (Sequence Number 1).
|
EXAMPLE 10
|
[0112] DNA was extracted from mature leaves of Kasarasu, a cultivar of rice, by Dneasy plant mini kit (QIAGEN). To amplify the DNA region adjacent to the inserted transposon gene by PCR, we used an inverse PCR method. We used the oligonucleotide comprising the sequence (5′-CCATTGTGACTGGCC-3′) of 15 bases from the 5′-end of Sequence Number 1 as a primer for inverse PCR. GeneAmp9600 system (ABI Co.) was used for PCR. HotStarTaq Master Mix kit (QIAGEN) was used for PCR reaction solution. Each cycle of the polymerase reaction consisted of a denaturation step at 96° C. for 30 sec, an annealing step at 44˜58° C. for 1 min and an extension step at 72° C. for 1 min. This cycle was repeated 45 times. After the reaction, PCR products were separated on 2% LO3 agarose (Takara Co.) gel electrophoresis. The amplified DNA fragments were subcloned into a plasmid pCRII-TOPO using TA cloning kit (In Vitrogen). The nucleotide sequence of the obtained clone was determined by 310 DNA sequencer (ABI Co.)
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| (57) |
Claim
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1-20. (canceled)
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21. A transposon gene of rice, consisting essentially of a nucleotide sequence that is at least 90% homologous to SEQ ID NO: 3.
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22. A transposase gene of rice, consisting essentially of a nucleotide sequence that is at least 75% homologous to bases 2959-4407 of SEQ ID NO: 3.
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23. A transposase gene, encoding a protein consisting essentially of SEQ ID NO: 5 or SEQ ID NO: 5, wherein one or more amino acids are deleted, substituted or added.
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|
24. A transposase, consisting essentially of SEQ ID NO: 5 or SEQ ID NO: 5, wherein one or several amino acids are deleted, substituted or added.
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25. A plasmid, comprising the transposon gene of claim 21.
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26. A plasmid, comprising a promoter, and the transposase gene of claim 22.
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27. A plasmid, comprising a promoter, and the transposase gene of claim 23.
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28. A transformant, comprising a host carrying the transposon gene of claim 21, which is transduced.
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29. A transformant, comprising a host carrying a promoter and the transposase gene of claim 22, which are transduced.
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30. A transformant, comprising a host carrying a promoter and the transposase gene of claim 23, which are transduced.
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31. A method for transposing a nucleotide sequence which is at least 95% homologous to SEQ ID NO: 1, comprising transducing the transposon gene of claim 21 to produce a transformant.
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32. The method of claim 31, further comprising subjecting the transformant to anther culture or treating it with a chemical agent.
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33. A method for transposing a nucleotide sequence which is at least 95% homologous to SEQ ID NO: 1, comprising transducing a promoter and the transposon gene of claim 22 to produce a transformant.
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34. The method of claim 33, further comprising subjecting the transformant to anther culture or treating it with a chemical agent.
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35. A method for transposing a nucleotide sequence which is at least 95% homologous to SEQ ID NO: 1, comprising transducing a promoter and the transposon gene of claim 23 to produce a transformant.
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36. The method of claim 35, further comprising subjecting the transformant to anther culture or treating it with a chemical agent.
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Sequence Listing
Country: US
Document No: 20060130174
Kind: A1
Date: 15-June-2006
No. of Sequence ID numbers: 35
1
| Sequence ID: | 1 |
| Sequence Length: | 430 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Oryza sativa |
1
ggccagtcac aatgggggtt tcactggtgt gtcatgcaca tttaataggg gtaagactga 60
ataaaaaatg attatttgca tgaaatgggg atgagagaga aggaaagagt ttcatcctgg 120
tgaaactcgt cagcgtcgtt tccaagtcct cggtaacaga gtgaaacccc cgttgaggcc 180
gattcgtttc attcaccgga tctcttgcgt ccgcctccgc cgtgcgacct ccgcattctc 240
ccgcgccgcg ccggattttg ggtacaaatg atcccagcaa cttgtatcaa ttaaatgctt 300
tgcttagtct tggaaacgtc aaagtgaaac ccctccactg tggggattgt ttcataaaag 360
atttcatttg agagaagatg gtataatatt ttgggtagcc gtgcaatgac actagccatt 420
gtgactggcc 430
| Sequence ID: | 2 |
| Sequence Length: | 5341 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Oryza sativa |
2
ggccagtcac aatggaggtt tcactggtgt gtcatgcaca tttaataggg gtaagactga 60
ataaaaaatg attatttgca tgaaatgggg atgagagaga aggaaagagt ttcatcctgg 120
tgaaactcgt cagcgtcgtt tccaagtcct cggtaacaga gtgaaacccc cgttgaggcc 180
gattcgtttc attcaccgga tctcttgcgt ccgcctccgc cgtgcgacct ccgcattctc 240
ccgcgccgcg ccgcgccacg cctccttccc gcgtgaacat tcctccttcc cgcgcgagcg 300
attccaccat ctcccccgtc cggcgcctac ggagtacacc gcaaccggtc gccccaatcc 360
ggcgcctaga ccgtgaccca cccgccatct tccgcaagac cgaatcccca acccacccac 420
catcttccgc cgcccccgtc cccgtccccg gccatggatc cgtcgccggc cgtggatccg 480
tcgccggccg tggatccgtc gccggctgct gaaacccggc ggcgtgcaac cgggaaagga 540
ggcaaacagc gcgggggcaa gcaactagga ttgaagaggc cgccgccgat ttctgtcccg 600
gccaccccgc ctcctgctgc gacgtcttca tcccctgctg cgccgacggc catcccacca 660
cgaccaccgc aatcttcgcc gattttcgtc cccgattcgc cgaatccgtc accggctgcg 720
ccgacctcct ctcttgcttc ggggacatcg acggcaaggc caccgcaacc acaaggagga 780
ggatggggac caacatcgac catttcccca aactttgcat ctttctttgg aaaccaacaa 840
gacccaaatt catggtacat gtattttctt ctttttctgt tactttcaac ctacggtaac 900
tctaattcat ggatgagact actgccattg tgcagttcaa tgctttttct tcatgttata 960
tttcgtccag ctgtgagtta tggtttgaag attgctgtgg ttgtttcatt gctgagtatg 1020
tgaaagatag atggatgaaa gagagaatta tattttagtc tgtaatcttg ctcatccagt 1080
tgctcatgta tgaccttggt tctagaatgt tgccctgact gtatgcttaa tgttcagaga 1140
agtgatgcct aaagcagtga gatcagtggg atcagattag ctatcgacat ataatattag 1200
ctatctcagt tgtgaaagag agatgggtga aaaggcaccc cttggattaa ttctgtagta 1260
tcaaattctg caccttgtct gtccatatgt tctgcttggt tggtgggtgc agtgcatttg 1320
taaaaaatag tttgcttctg atccttaata tatgtaacag ggaatgaatt ttcacccatc 1380
tcagttgtaa aggtactgtc ttgctatgca atatgtgtaa attgacaaac ctgaaaatag 1440
tctgtttgga atttgcaaaa gcaattcgat agtttggaat ttccaaacct cagtcagcag 1500
taggcaatcc attttagttc ttgctatgca caaaaacagt acacctgata tgctcatttt 1560
aatacaactt ttttgtctct gttacagttt ggtcaggggt tatcctccag gagggtttgt 1620
caattttatt caacaaaatt gtccgccgca gccacaacag caaggtgaaa attttcattt 1680
cgttggtcac aatatgggat tcaacccaat atctccacag ccaccaagtg cctacggaac 1740
accaacaccc caagctacga accaaggcac ttcaacaaac attatgattg atgaagagga 1800
caacaatgat gacagtaggg cagcaaagaa aagatggact catgaagagg aagagagact 1860
ggtattcatc ggatactttt acatttccat atgtctttgt tttgactaat acttgacagg 1920
tcattaactg attcttgtag gccagtgctt ggttgaatgc ttctaaagac tcaattcatg 1980
ggaatgataa gaaaggtgat acattttgga aggaagtcac tgatgaattt aacaagaaag 2040
ggaatggaaa acgtaggagg gaaattaacc aactgaaggt tcactggtca aggttgaagt 2100
cagcgatctc tgagttcaat gactattgga gtacggttac tcaaatgcat acaagcggat 2160
actccgacga catgcttgag aaagaggcac agaggctgta tgcaaacagg tttggaaaac 2220
cttttgcgtt ggtccattgg tggaagatac tcaaagatga gcccaaatgg tgtgctcagt 2280
ttgaatcaga gaaagacaag agcgaaatgg atgctgttcc agaacagcag tcacgtccta 2340
ttggtagaga agcagcaaag tctgagcgca atggaaagcg caagaaagaa aatgttatgg 2400
aaggcattgt cctcctaggg gacaatgtcc agaaaattat aaaggtccac gaagaccgga 2460
gggtggatcg tgaaaaggcc accgaagcac agattcagat atcaaatgca acattgttgg 2520
ccgctaagga gcagaaggaa gcaaagatgt tcgatgtgta caatactcta ttaagtaagg 2580
atacaagcaa catgtctgaa gatcaaatgg ctagccacca gagggcaata cggaaattag 2640
aggagaagct atttgcggat taaggtgagt tttataaact gaccactatt ttctgaaatg 2700
tatgaattct gaaatttata tacaattgtg taaacatgga aaattagata atgtatgcat 2760
gatgcacaac atgtgcgtgc agcactattt aatggcagtt tcacaagtgt gaaaactgac 2820
cactatagta ctattgtggt gtgaaaactg accactacta ttgtggtgtg aatgctactg 2880
tggtgtgaaa actgaccact atagtttcac attcctggat gcagccctcc tctatatata 2940
tagatacagt cctcatctct tcctggcata cacacagccc tcttctctaa ttcctggacg 3000
cagtcctcat ctcttcctgg catagacgca gcccttctct cttcctgttt agttcaacaa 3060
cattgaggtg atctgccttt ctttgaagtt tctatctttt ttcactgctg tgaatgatta 3120
tttctctgct gtgaatgatt atttctccaa tcttcctttg ttcaccttct ctctttctct 3180
gctgtgaaga tgtctggaaa tgaaaatcag attcctgtgt ccttgttgga cgagtttctc 3240
gctgaggatg agatcatgga tgagataatg gatgatgttc tccatgaaat gatggtgtta 3300
ttgcagtcct ccatcggaga tcttgaaaga gaggctgctg accatcgttt gcatccaagg 3360
aagcacatca agaggccacg agaggaagca catcaaaatt tggtgaatga ttatttctct 3420
gaaaatcctc tatatccttc caatattttt cgccgaagat ttcgtatgta caggccgctg 3480
tttttacgta ttgtggacgc attaggccag tggtcagatt actttactca gagggtagat 3540
gccgctggta ggcaagggct tagtccatta caaaagtgta ctgcagcaat tcgccaattg 3600
gctactggta gtggtgctga tgaactagat gagtatttga agattggaga gactactgct 3660
atggatgcta tgaaaaattt tgtgaaagga attagagaag tatttggtga aagatatctc 3720
aggcgtccca ctgtagaaga tactgaacga ctactcgagc ttggtgagag acgcggtttt 3780
cctggtatgt tcggtagcat tgactgtatg cattggcaat gggaaaggtg cccaactgcg 3840
tggaagggtc agttcactcg tggtgatcaa aaagtgccaa cgctgattct tgaggcagtg 3900
gcatcacatg atctttggat ttggcatgcg ttctttggag tagcaggttc taacaatgat 3960
atcaatgttt tgagccgatc tactgtgttt atcaatgagc tgaaaggaca agctcctaga 4020
gtgcagtaca tggtaaatgg gaatcaatac aacgaaggtt attttcttgc tgatggaatt 4080
taccctgaat ggaaggtatt tgctaagtca tatcgactcc ctatcactga gaaggagaag 4140
ttgtatgcac aacatcaaga aggggcaaga aaggatatcg agagagcatt tggtgttcta 4200
caacgtcgat tctgcatctt aaaacgacca gcccgtctat atgaccgagg tgtactccgt 4260
gatgttgtcc taggttgcat catacttcac aatatgatag ttgaagatga gaaggaagcg 4320
cgacttattg aagaaaatct agatttaaat gagcctgcta gttcatcaac ggttcaggca 4380
ccagaattct ctcctgacca gcatgttcca ttagaaagaa ttttagaaaa ggatactagt 4440
atgagagatc gtttggctca tcgccgactc aagaatgatt tggtggaaca tatatggaat 4500
aagtttggtg gtggtgcaca ttcatctggt aattatgttt ttattttgca ttattagtta 4560
tctatggtac taagatatgt acaagtttct ctaaattgca ctaaatctgt ggttcatatt 4620
ggatatgtgt aaactatgaa tgtagcctga ctaaaaccat cattcatgct gaactggttt 4680
ttgttttgta tatgcaggat gaaacaagga actaggtttc tgaacgcatt acggactgaa 4740
ggttgagggg cagaatgatc cacccagttg cttctatcag atcactaaag tttcatttca 4800
ctgttttatt ttggacactt gatgcttgtg tgcatccgat gaatgtttaa tttggtcacc 4860
tgatgcttgt gtgcatccga tgaatgttta atttggtcac ctgatgcttg tatgcagtta 4920
tctatcttat ttgttaatgt tgctggtact gaggattttt agaagtgaaa tgcacaagtt 4980
gctgtgtttt ttgactgatc cttgtgtgca cttgacgttg tatgtgacaa atgatggttc 5040
ccagttgtgc acctgattca tgattcagtt attcagttta aattgacgtt gtttgtgtgc 5100
accttttgtc agttagccag ttacggctgg aagttgtgta agtttgtgtg acgcctggct 5160
acaggatttt gggtacaaat gatcccagca acttgtatca attaaatgct ttgcttagtc 5220
ttggaaacgt caaagtgaaa cccctccact gtggggattg tttcataaaa gatttcattt 5280
gagagaagat ggtataatat tttgggtagc cgtgcaatga cactagccat tgtgactggc 5340
c 5341
| Sequence ID: | 3 |
| Sequence Length: | 5166 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Oryza sativa |
3
ggccagtcac aatgggtgtt tcatttgagt gtcatgcgca tttaatacag tgacaagtca 60
gcaaaagagc aatatttgca tgaaatgggt aggagagaga gtaaactcgt ttcaccatgg 120
tgacacgaga tagcgccgtt tcccaggtcg ctgaaacggg gtgaaacagc attgagagtt 180
catcgtttca cctccgggat cccgtgcgag cgctgctctt cgccatcttc gcgcgcatcg 240
ccggattctt cccgcgcgag tcccccatct tcccgcgcag cacctccatg ttcccgcccc 300
caaagcactg gctcgaagct tttttcccca atctcacctg caaccctagc gccagactca 360
gtccccatcg ccccgtccgt cccataccct agcgcaagaa ccacgagcgg agattgcgga 420
gctggatcca caagtaggtg gtgaatcctg tccatctgcc gccgtccgcc gtccagcagc 480
catggatcca caaggaggtg gtggatcccg tctgagcgcc gccggcagag gagggaataa 540
gcgtgggggc aagcagctgg gcctgaagag gtcgtcggcg cctgctccat caccggcaac 600
agctcagcca ccgctgcctg caagttcccc tcctgaagct ccatcgccgg caacagttca 660
gccgcctact ccatcgtcaa gtcctgctgt tgctgccccc agttcatccc ctgctgtacc 720
gatgtcaacc atgcccccat ggccaccgca aggagcagga tggggctctg taccccccaa 780
ttttgctttt ctgcaaggaa accaacaagg cccaagttca tggtattttc tccttgtcac 840
agattattca ctgtacacta tgatacatga tatgactctc ttcttcatgc attagtaatt 900
agttcctgtt tatgctcaat gaaatttgtt agaatcagta tgtcagtaca ttggtaattt 960
gatatatgcc tgagtaatga atagaaaaaa tgtagtattc agtatggatt gcagtaatac 1020
tttgttagtg aaaattcagt attcagtatg cagtatggat tgcggcttgt ataacagaaa 1080
ttgaaagcaa aagattcagt ttgcaatctg gacagtgtac tgtacaacat gtaattcaca 1140
tacgtaaagc ttgttaaata tctccttgtc agtacattgg taacaaatgc tttgagtgta 1200
aatgccaagg gtatcatcct aacattggta tatattttta gccttctgta tggaatgcag 1260
acatggtctt ctttgcaacc acagcaacag cttgccctac actctgtgct gtcgtcatag 1320
ctaaccaaat aacctgttag tactgatata tatggtcttc tttgcaacca cagcaacagc 1380
ttgccctaca tggtcttctg tatgcttgac taaacttgtt acttgacata tatgcttgac 1440
tgaacttgtt gcttgactga attattcctt acacatactg tagtacttgc ttgactgaac 1500
tatgtcagga tcttattaaa aaaaatctat gtcagcactg ctactatgtc aggatcatca 1560
gtatgatgct taagtaacct gttagtatgt cagtacttac tatgtcagga tcatcttctg 1620
gaacttacta tgtttgattt tcttatgctg ccatcggttt caattggatt tgcttcttat 1680
gttttcaggt tgtatcctac agaaggcttc gtaaattttc tccaacagaa ctgtctgccg 1740
cagccacaag aaggtgaaaa ttttcacctt gttggtcaga ctaccaacac aatgtctact 1800
ccaccaccaa caccccaagc tgcagctaac aatacagtcc aaattgatat tcatgaagat 1860
gcaatcaatg atgcaagtgc taaaaagaga agtttgagat attggactca tgatgaggaa 1920
gagagattgg ctagtgcttg gttgaatgct tctaaagatc ccattcatgg gaatgaaaag 1980
aaaggtgata cgttttggaa agaggttact gatgagttca acagaaaagg gaatgggaag 2040
cgtacaaggg aaataaatca attgaaggtt cattggtcac gcctcaaatc atcgattgga 2100
gaattcaatg attactggac taaggtaact caaatgaata caagcggata tgacgatgac 2160
atgctggaga aggaggcaca acagatgtat gcaaatacat ttggaaagcc ttttgcactt 2220
gtgcattggt ggaagatact gagaaaagag cccaagtggt gtgcaatgat tgagaaggac 2280
aaaaacaagg ctgaagtggt tgatattcca gatgaacaaa agcgtcccat tggtagagaa 2340
gcagcacaag ccgagcgcaa tggaaaacgc aagaaggaca gtatgtcaga aggaattgtc 2400
atcctagggg acaatattga aaaaattatc aaagtgacgc aagatcggaa gctggagcgt 2460
gagaaggtca ctgaagcaca gattcacatt tcaaacgtaa atttgaaggc agcagaacag 2520
caaaaagaag caaagatgtt tgaggtatac aattccctgc tcactcaaga tacaagtaac 2580
atgtctgaag aacagaaggc tcgccgagac aaggcattac aaaagctgga ggaaaagtta 2640
tttgctgact aaggttagat atctaatcta atctgagctg cactattatt tataataatt 2700
aaagaatgct gcaatattta gttatattgt ctgtatatct gtgctgcact atgcagtcag 2760
ctgcatatca cgaatttgtc aaatctgagc tgcatatctg tgaatggtgc aatatttagt 2820
tatattaatt acccagtgtg aatgatgtat tgctgtcagt ttcacatata gtatgaatgc 2880
tgcactatgc agtcagtttc acatgcagtg tgaatgctgc actaggcagt cagtttcaca 2940
tgcagtgggc gcctatttat gcagagttta gccatctctc tactcctctc agaaactcat 3000
tccctctttt ctcatacgaa gacctcctcc cttttatctt tactgtttct ctcttcttca 3060
aagatgtctg agcaaaatac tgatggaagt caagttccag tgaacttgtt ggatgagttc 3120
ctggctgagg atgagatcat agatgatctt ctcactgaag ccacggtggt agtacagtcc 3180
actatagaag gtcttcaaaa cgaggcttct gaccatcgac atcatccgag gaagcacatc 3240
aagaggccac gagaggaagc acatcagcaa ctagtgaatg attacttttc agaaaatcct 3300
ctttaccctt ccaaaatttt tcgtcgaaga tttcgtatgt ctaggccact ttttcttcgc 3360
atcgttgagg cattaggcca gtggtcagtg tatttcacac aaagggtgga tgctgttaat 3420
cggaaaggac tcagtccact gcaaaagtgt actgcagcta ttcgccagtt ggctactggt 3480
agtggcgcag atgaactaga tgaatatctg aagataggag agactacagc aatggaggca 3540
atgaagaatt ttgtcaaagg tcttcaagat gtgtttggtg agaggtatct taggcgcccc 3600
accatggaag ataccgaacg gcttctccaa cttggtgaga aacgtggttt tcctggaatg 3660
ttcggcagca ttgactgcat gcactggcat tgggaaagat gcccagtagc atggaagggt 3720
cagttcactc gtggagatca gaaagtgcca accctgattc ttgaggctgt ggcatcgcat 3780
gatctttgga tttggcatgc attttttgga gcagcgggtt ccaacaatga tatcaatgta 3840
ttgaaccaat ctactgtatt tatcaaggag ctcaaaggac aagctcctag agtccagtac 3900
atggtaaatg ggaatcaata caatactggg tattttcttg ctgatggaat ctaccctgaa 3960
tgggcagtgt ttgttaagtc aatacgactc ccaaacactg aaaaggagaa attgtatgca 4020
gatatgcaag aaggggcaag aaaagatatc gagagagcct ttggtgtatt gcagcgaaga 4080
ttttgcatct taaaacgacc agctcgtcta tatgatcgag gtgtactgcg agatgttgtt 4140
ctagcttgca tcatacttca caatatgata gttgaagatg agaaggaaac cagaattatt 4200
gaagaagatt tagatctaaa tgtgcctcct agttcatcaa ccgttcagga acctgagttc 4260
tctcctgaac agaacacacc atttgataga gttttagaaa aagatatttc tatccgagat 4320
cgagcggctc ataaccgact taagaaagat ttggtggaac acatttggaa taagtttggt 4380
ggtgctgcac atagaactgg aaattgagaa tcagtaaatg taattatttt atttttcttg 4440
taatttatat atctatggtc cacttgtaaa tttctgaatg ctcatcgcca tattttttaa 4500
tctctgcagg ttccaatcta tttacaggtt ccctaaaaaa aaatctattt gcaggttcca 4560
gtctgttgtc ttcacaatgt aagttctgag aatcaaatca ctatgttttt ctcttttttg 4620
gtagctacag ggtgttagaa catgtgttat tttctttact atgcaattgt gatcctccaa 4680
tatttatcta ctgcatgtgt aaacctgttt gtcatgtctg aactactttc atttgtacag 4740
ggtgaaagaa tcaatgaaat ctatgggtgc atcgtcaatt tgcctccagt tacctgcttg 4800
tcatcgtcat ttgtagctta gttctgtcat atttcacctc gagttaacat ctattcagtt 4860
atctaaactt tgctatgtag tgaacttggt tgaatggtca tttaaattta tcaagtgaac 4920
aatcgtacct atctgtgctg aatgcatgta ttttgttttg tgttcaagtg gctacacacg 4980
tttgtgttac atacgatccc actatgtggc tggaattaaa tgccttgaat ttgcattgga 5040
aacgctagag tgaaacacag cattgagaag gtctgtttca ttgtacgttt caacttgttt 5100
catcttcgtt tcagctgatg tggcgtctgg gaaacagtgt aatgaaacac tgcattgtga 5160
atggcc 5166
| Sequence ID: | 4 |
| Sequence Length: | 455 |
| Sequence Type: | PRT |
| Organism: | Oryza sativa |
4
Met Ser Gly Asn Glu Asn Gln Ile Pro Val Ser Leu Leu Asp Glu Phe
1 5 10 15
Leu Ala Glu Asp Glu Ile Met Asp Glu Ile Met Asp Asp Val Leu His
20 25 30
Glu Met Met Val Leu Leu Gln Ser Ser Ile Gly Asp Leu Glu Arg Glu
35 40 45
Ala Ala Asp His Arg Leu His Pro Arg Lys His Ile Lys Arg Pro Arg
50 55 60
Glu Glu Ala His Gln Asn Leu Val Asn Asp Tyr Phe Ser Glu Asn Pro
65 70 75 80
Leu Tyr Pro Ser Asn Ile Phe Arg Arg Arg Phe Arg Met Tyr Arg Pro
85 90 95
Leu Phe Leu Arg Ile Val Asp Ala Leu Gly Gln Trp Ser Asp Tyr Phe
100 105 110
Thr Gln Arg Val Asp Ala Ala Gly Arg Gln Gly Leu Ser Pro Leu Gln
115 120 125
Lys Cys Thr Ala Ala Ile Arg Gln Leu Ala Thr Gly Ser Gly Ala Asp
130 135 140
Glu Leu Asp Glu Tyr Leu Lys Ile Gly Glu Thr Thr Ala Met Asp Ala
145 150 155 160
Met Lys Asn Phe Val Lys Gly Ile Arg Glu Val Phe Gly Glu Arg Tyr
165 170 175
Leu Arg Arg Pro Thr Val Glu Asp Thr Glu Arg Leu Leu Glu Leu Gly
180 185 190
Glu Arg Arg Gly Phe Pro Gly Met Phe Gly Ser Ile Asp Cys Met His
195 200 205
Trp Gln Trp Glu Arg Cys Pro Thr Ala Trp Lys Gly Gln Phe Thr Arg
210 215 220
Gly Asp Gln Lys Val Pro Thr Leu Ile Leu Glu Ala Val Ala Ser His
225 230 235 240
Asp Leu Trp Ile Trp His Ala Phe Phe Gly Val Ala Gly Ser Asn Asn
245 250 255
Asp Ile Asn Val Leu Ser Arg Ser Thr Val Phe Ile Asn Glu Leu Lys
260 265 270
Gly Gln Ala Pro Arg Val Gln Tyr Met Val Asn Gly Asn Gln Tyr Asn
275 280 285
Glu Gly Tyr Phe Leu Ala Asp Gly Ile Tyr Pro Glu Trp Lys Val Phe
290 295 300
Ala Lys Ser Tyr Arg Leu Pro Ile Thr Glu Lys Glu Lys Leu Tyr Ala
305 310 315 320
Gln His Gln Glu Gly Ala Arg Lys Asp Ile Glu Arg Ala Phe Gly Val
325 330 335
Leu Gln Arg Arg Phe Cys Ile Leu Lys Arg Pro Ala Arg Leu Tyr Asp
340 345 350
Arg Gly Val Leu Arg Asp Val Val Leu Gly Cys Ile Ile Leu His Asn
355 360 365
Met Ile Val Glu Asp Glu Lys Glu Ala Arg Leu Ile Glu Glu Asn Leu
370 375 380
Asp Leu Asn Glu Pro Ala Ser Ser Ser Thr Val Gln Ala Pro Glu Phe
385 390 395 400
Ser Pro Asp Gln His Val Pro Leu Glu Arg Ile Leu Glu Lys Asp Thr
405 410 415
Ser Met Arg Asp Arg Leu Ala His Arg Arg Leu Lys Asn Asp Leu Val
420 425 430
Glu His Ile Trp Asn Lys Phe Gly Gly Gly Ala His Ser Ser Gly Asn
435 440 445
Tyr Val Phe Ile Leu His Tyr
450 455
| Sequence ID: | 5 |
| Sequence Length: | 482 |
| Sequence Type: | PRT |
| Organism: | Oryza sativa |
5
Met Gln Ser Leu Ala Ile Ser Leu Leu Leu Ser Glu Thr His Ser Leu
1 5 10 15
Phe Ser His Thr Lys Thr Ser Ser Leu Leu Ser Leu Leu Phe Leu Ser
20 25 30
Ser Ser Lys Met Ser Glu Gln Asn Thr Asp Gly Ser Gln Val Pro Val
35 40 45
Asn Leu Leu Asp Glu Phe Leu Ala Glu Asp Glu Ile Ile Asp Asp Leu
50 55 60
Leu Thr Glu Ala Thr Val Val Val Gln Ser Thr Ile Glu Gly Leu Gln
65 70 75 80
Asn Glu Ala Ser Asp His Arg His His Pro Arg Lys His Ile Lys Arg
85 90 95
Pro Arg Glu Glu Ala His Gln Gln Leu Val Asn Asp Tyr Phe Ser Glu
100 105 110
Asn Pro Leu Tyr Pro Ser Lys Ile Phe Arg Arg Arg Phe Arg Met Ser
115 120 125
Arg Pro Leu Phe Leu Arg Ile Val Glu Ala Leu Gly Gln Trp Ser Val
130 135 140
Tyr Phe Thr Gln Arg Val Asp Ala Val Asn Arg Lys Gly Leu Ser Pro
145 150 155 160
Leu Gln Lys Cys Thr Ala Ala Ile Arg Gln Leu Ala Thr Gly Ser Gly
165 170 175
Ala Asp Glu Leu Asp Glu Tyr Leu Lys Ile Gly Glu Thr Thr Ala Met
180 185 190
Glu Ala Met Lys Asn Phe Val Lys Gly Leu Gln Asp Val Phe Gly Glu
195 200 205
Arg Tyr Leu Arg Arg Pro Thr Met Glu Asp Thr Glu Arg Leu Leu Gln
210 215 220
Leu Gly Glu Lys Arg Gly Phe Pro Gly Met Phe Gly Ser Ile Asp Cys
225 230 235 240
Met His Trp His Trp Glu Arg Cys Pro Val Ala Trp Lys Gly Gln Phe
245 250 255
Thr Arg Gly Asp Gln Lys Val Pro Thr Leu Ile Leu Glu Ala Val Ala
260 265 270
Ser His Asp Leu Trp Ile Trp His Ala Phe Phe Gly Ala Ala Gly Ser
275 280 285
Asn Asn Asp Ile Asn Val Leu Asn Gln Ser Thr Val Phe Ile Lys Glu
290 295 300
Leu Lys Gly Gln Ala Pro Arg Val Gln Tyr Met Val Asn Gly Asn Gln
305 310 315 320
Tyr Asn Thr Gly Tyr Phe Leu Ala Asp Gly Ile Tyr Pro Glu Trp Ala
325 330 335
Val Phe Val Lys Ser Ile Arg Leu Pro Asn Thr Glu Lys Glu Lys Leu
340 345 350
Tyr Ala Asp Met Gln Glu Gly Ala Arg Lys Asp Ile Glu Arg Ala Phe
355 360 365
Gly Val Leu Gln Arg Arg Phe Cys Ile Leu Lys Arg Pro Ala Arg Leu
370 375 380
Tyr Asp Arg Gly Val Leu Arg Asp Val Val Leu Ala Cys Ile Ile Leu
385 390 395 400
His Asn Met Ile Val Glu Asp Glu Lys Glu Thr Arg Ile Ile Glu Glu
405 410 415
Asp Leu Asp Leu Asn Val Pro Pro Ser Ser Ser Thr Val Gln Glu Pro
420 425 430
Glu Phe Ser Pro Glu Gln Asn Thr Pro Phe Asp Arg Val Leu Glu Lys
435 440 445
Asp Ile Ser Ile Arg Asp Arg Ala Ala His Asn Arg Leu Lys Lys Asp
450 455 460
Leu Val Glu His Ile Trp Asn Lys Phe Gly Gly Ala Ala His Arg Thr
465 470 475 480
Gly Asn
| Sequence ID: | 6 |
| Sequence Length: | 900 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Oryza sativa |
6
tttcaagtac aatctcaact tagggaaagt tgtgattgag ggaggatgtt agataatgtt 60
agttagtttg ttatagagat agattagttc tgttaccgca tgtactttct tgtatctatc 120
tctatatcca ggattgtctc aggttgttga gattaatcct atcctttgta cacgccacgg 180
tagaggctct ttctgcctat atcaacaaag gtgcggcccc gtaaaggggt tcaacgcttc 240
tcattccgtt ttacaatcct ccttcttcct cctggtgttg gaaattcgtt gatcgagttg 300
aaactctcat ccttcatcat gtgctgcaga aactaacgcg tgcacagatg atggatgggt 360
gtggtgtgac atgaaagtgg atcaatgaca cgcggcacat ttaggggagt gtgtcgtgtc 420
ttgacttctt catgcaaaag tataccaacc ctgtataagg ccagtcacaa tggctagtgt 480
cattgcacgg ctacccaaaa tattatacca tcttctctca aatgaaatct tttatgaaac 540
aatccccaca gtggaggggt ttcactttga cgtttccaag actaagcaaa gcatttaatt 600
gatacaagtt gctgggatca tttgtaccca aaatccggcg cggcgcggga gaatgcggag 660
gtcgcacggc ggaggcggac gcaagagatc cggtgaatga aacgaatcgg cctcaacggg 720
ggtttcactc tgttaccgag gacttggaaa cgacgctgac gagtttcacc aggatgaaac 780
tctttccttc tctctcatcc ccatttcatg caaataatca ttttttattc agtcttaccc 840
ctattaaatg tgcatgacac accagtgaaa cccccattgt gactggccta agcatctttg 900
| Sequence ID: | 7 |
| Sequence Length: | 18 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Artificial Sequence |
| Other Information: | PCR primer |
7
ttaggccagt cacaatgg 18
| Sequence ID: | 8 |
| Sequence Length: | 24 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Artificial Sequence |
| Other Information: | PCR primer |
8
gtgcgtggtt ggtctcggct ttat 24
| Sequence ID: | 9 |
| Sequence Length: | 24 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Artificial Sequence |
| Other Information: | PCR primer |
9
cctccttctt cctcctggtg ttgg 24
| Sequence ID: | 10 |
| Sequence Length: | 28 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Artificial Sequence |
| Other Information: | PCR primer |
10
gtaagactga ataaaaaatg attatttg 28
| Sequence ID: | 11 |
| Sequence Length: | 25 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Artificial Sequence |
| Other Information: | PCR primer |
11
catcttctct caaatgaaat ctttt 25
| Sequence ID: | 12 |
| Sequence Length: | 23 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Artificial Sequence |
| Other Information: | PCR primer |
12
atgtagtttg tcggtaagtt tga 23
| Sequence ID: | 13 |
| Sequence Length: | 23 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Artificial Sequence |
| Other Information: | PCR primer |
13
atgtgttgtg attgatggga taa 23
| Sequence ID: | 14 |
| Sequence Length: | 30 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Artificial Sequence |
| Other Information: | PCR primer |
14
gggtgagtga agtgagtgag tgagcagcat 30
| Sequence ID: | 15 |
| Sequence Length: | 30 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Artificial Sequence |
| Other Information: | PCR primer |
15
agttagggga ggagagttgg gcataggaat 30
| Sequence ID: | 16 |
| Sequence Length: | 23 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Artificial Sequence |
| Other Information: | PCR primer |
16
gcctcctgct gcgacgtctt cat 23
| Sequence ID: | 17 |
| Sequence Length: | 30 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Artificial Sequence |
| Other Information: | PCR primer |
17
caactggatg agcaagatta cagactaaaa 30
| Sequence ID: | 18 |
| Sequence Length: | 24 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Artificial Sequence |
| Other Information: | PCR primer |
18
cagtacgcca ccaatcacca tcat 24
| Sequence ID: | 19 |
| Sequence Length: | 24 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Artificial Sequence |
| Other Information: | PCR primer |
19
ctcatctcga acgcaaccta aata 24
| Sequence ID: | 20 |
| Sequence Length: | 25 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Artificial Sequence |
| Other Information: | PCR primer |
20
tgtgatgaac agaacaccac cgaga 25
| Sequence ID: | 21 |
| Sequence Length: | 25 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Artificial Sequence |
| Other Information: | PCR primer |
21
cccaaagata cagagcacct acaca 25
| Sequence ID: | 22 |
| Sequence Length: | 21 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Artificial Sequence |
| Other Information: | PCR primer |
22
tgatccagat acaacctcca t 21
| Sequence ID: | 23 |
| Sequence Length: | 21 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Artificial Sequence |
| Other Information: | PCR primer |
23
gaaaagaaaa acaaacaaga a 21
| Sequence ID: | 24 |
| Sequence Length: | 30 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Artificial Sequence |
| Other Information: | PCR primer |
24
gggtgagtga agtgagtgag tgagcagcat 30
| Sequence ID: | 25 |
| Sequence Length: | 30 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Artificial Sequence |
| Other Information: | PCR primer |
25
agttagggga ggagagttgg gcataggaat 30
| Sequence ID: | 26 |
| Sequence Length: | 21 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Artificial Sequence |
| Other Information: | PCR primer |
26
cctcacaacc aatccctacc a 21
| Sequence ID: | 27 |
| Sequence Length: | 21 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Artificial Sequence |
| Other Information: | PCR primer |
27
agccaccaca ataaccaaag t 21
| Sequence ID: | 28 |
| Sequence Length: | 67 |
| Sequence Type: | PRT |
| Organism: | Oryza sativa |
28
Met Arg Arg Ser His Gly Gly Gly Gly Arg Lys Arg Ser Val Pro Ser
1 5 10 15
Ser Ser His Pro Glu Lys Lys Ala Ile Asp Arg Ile Lys Arg Glu Asp
20 25 30
Ala Gly Arg Arg Ala Gly Arg Val Ser Leu Val Gln Pro Leu Ala Ala
35 40 45
Phe Pro Ala Thr Asp Gly Gly Gly Gly Gly Gly Leu Ala Arg Leu Leu
50 55 60
Arg Trp Trp
65
| Sequence ID: | 29 |
| Sequence Length: | 15 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Artificial Sequence |
| Other Information: | PCR primer |
29
ccattgtgac tggcc 15
| Sequence ID: | 30 |
| Sequence Length: | 114 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Oryza sativa |
30
atgtagtttg tcggtaagtt tgattatcac ggtaaccaca agtcaaggga aagatatgga 60
ctccttaaca ctgaactgat caaagagcat ttattatgga aagatgattg tgtc 114
| Sequence ID: | 31 |
| Sequence Length: | 117 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Oryza sativa |
31
atgtagtttg tcggtaagtt tgattatcac ggtaaccaca agtcaaggga aagatatgga 60
ctccttaata acactgaact gatcaaagag catttattat ggaaagatga ttgtgtc 117
| Sequence ID: | 32 |
| Sequence Length: | 84 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Oryza sativa |
32
atgtagtttg tcggtaagtt tgattatcac ggtaaccaca ctgaactgat caaagagcat 60
ttattatgga aagatgattg tgtc 84
| Sequence ID: | 33 |
| Sequence Length: | 81 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Oryza sativa |
33
atgtagtttg tcggtaagtt tgattatcac ggtaacactg aactgatcaa agagcattta 60
ttatggaaag atgattgtgt c 81
| Sequence ID: | 34 |
| Sequence Length: | 86 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Oryza sativa |
34
gcgtggacac actgattggc ctgacaaaac atagttagca attatgtcca aagagcgaag 60
gtatctgtta gctaatcatc cgatcg 86
| Sequence ID: | 35 |
| Sequence Length: | 117 |
| Sequence Type: | DNA |
| Organism: | Oryza sativa |
35
tggtcctcga tactgttgcc tgttggtacg gcaccacacc actctgtttt tattagaggt 60
aagtttgata gtacagccca ctaccagctc taaatcagtc aatgtagtag ctaattc 117